Evaluation of the usage-induced degradation of Genius and Reciproc nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments

Generali, Luigi; Borghi, A.; Lusvarghi, Luca; Bolelli, Giovanni; Veronesi, Paolo; Vecchi, Andrea; Consolo, Ugo; Becce, Carlo; Bertoldi, Carlo; Sassatelli, Paolo

doi:10.1007/s10266-019-00423-9

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The cross-section was then milled by FIB using high beam current (7 nA), up to a depth of ≈5 μm, and its side wall was polished using lower beam current (300 pA) to remove any possible ion beam-induced damage from the milling stage. The cross-section was finally observed under a tilt angle of 52° using the FEG-SEM column (16,17).…”

Section: Focused Ion Beam (Fib) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Depth Metallurgical and Microstructural Analysis of Oneshape and Heat Treated Onecurve Instruments

et al. 2021

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To define surface, mechanical, microstructural and metallurgical features of conventional One-Shape (OShape) and heat-treated OneCurve (OCurve) nickel-titanium instruments. Methods: Instruments were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on new instruments and after simulated clinical use (SCU). Cyclic fatigue testing was performed and the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) and the length of the fractured instruments were measured (Mann-Whitney test). Fractured instruments during cyclic fatigue testing were then inspected by SEM fractographic analysis. Field emission gun scanning scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to assess alloy surface chemistry. Focused ion beam (FIB) was performed to analyse the oxide layer on the surface of OCurve before and after SCU. X-Ray diffraction (XRD), metallographic evaluation and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to determine martensitic/austenitic phase transformation temperatures. Results: SEM observations on new instruments revealed a smooth regular surface with flattened milling grooves. No wear features were detected after SCU. OCurve exhibited a higher cyclic fatigue resistance (P<0.05), slower crack propagation and a surface layer of TiO 2 . Metallographic analysis and XRD showed the prevalence of martensitic grains on OCurve instruments that were stable at body temperature as confirmed by DSC analysis. Furthermore, DSC demonstrated a shift in the temperature transformation ranges suggesting an increase of martensite phase in autoclaved OCurve instruments. Conclusion: Heat treatment processes were confirmed as a valid enhancement of the properties of the new generation NiTi instruments. OCurve presented a significant improvement over OShape regarding both mechanical and metallurgical characteristics.

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Section: Focused Ion Beam (Fib) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Depth Metallurgical and Microstructural Analysis of Oneshape and Heat Treated Onecurve Instruments

et al. 2021

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“…Instrumentos NiTi con los valores más altos de rugosidad de superficie tienen la más alta resistencia a la fatiga cíclica 10,11 . Por el contrario, la disminución de dicha rugosidad de la superficie reduce la eficiencia de corte del instrumento 12 aumentando la probabilidad de fractura del instrumento 13,14 . Los tratamientos térmicos en las limas endodónticas han demostrado atribuirles mayor flexibilidad y resistencia a la fatiga cíclica 9,15 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluación topográfica de limas reciprocantes, posterior a la instrumentación de conductos curvos. Estudio ex vivo

Navarrete Llamatumbi,

Terán Ayala,

Guillen Guillen

et al. 2023

Odontol Sanmarquina

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Objective. To evaluate the wear (roughness) and topographic changes of the Wave One Gold primary and Reciproc Blue R25 files after instrumentation at 3, 6 and 9 uses in curved canals. Methods. Ex vivo study, consisting of 10 new Reciproc Blue R25 and 5 Wave One Gold primary reciprocating files and 46 mandibular first molars with severe curvature. Molars were divided into 2 groups (23 molars in each group): group 1 Reciproc Blue R25/.08 and group 2 Wave One Gold Primary (25/.07). Reciprocating files from the two groups were analyzed with the contact profilometer at 0, 3, 6 and 9 uses. The measurement was made in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds, and in each analysis, 2 files were observed with the Scanning Electron Microscope. Subsequently, the analysis in the SPSS version 26 IBM ® program was performed using t-Student and Anova tests for normality (p<0.05). Results. There is no significant difference between Wave One Gold primary and Reciproc Blue R25 (p>0.05) in any third of the file; however, there is a significant difference in the wear of the file after the ninth use at the three third levels: apical (p<0.001), middle (p=0.05), cervical (p=0.01). Conclusions. Wave One Gold primary and Reciproc Blue R25 files present superficial changes from the instrumentation of four root canals, the greatest deformation of the files occured at the apical level. The greater the use of the files, the greater the wear of the surface.

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Mechanical properties and metallurgical features of new and ex vivo used Reciproc Blue and Reciproc

et al. 2019

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AimTo compare the mechanical properties and metallurgic features of new and used Reciproc Blue and Reciproc instruments.MethodologyA total of 120 R25 Reciproc Blue and R25 Reciproc instruments were used. The morphological, chemical, mechanical, thermal and phase composition characteristics of new and ex vivo used files were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (FEG‐SEM) with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), focused ion beam analysis (FIB), micro‐Raman spectroscopy, FEG‐SEM metallography, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and indentation tests. Usage‐induce degradation was evaluated. Ten new and ten used instruments per type were run until fracture occurred in a stainless steel artificial canal (60° angle of curvature, 4‐mm radius). Time to fracture and the length of the fractured fragment were recorded. Torque and angle of rotation at failure of ten new and ten used instruments for each type were measured according to ISO 3630‐1. The fracture surface of each fragment was examined. Two‐way analyses of variance was used to analyse the data statistically (α‐level 0.05).ResultsSEM analysis revealed microcracks near the tip on both files after ex vivo usage tests. FIB imaging and micro‐Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of an oxide layer on the Reciproc Blue surface. There was no thinning of the coating after use. XRD revealed a reduction of martensite and R‐phase in Reciproc Blue after use. DSC analysis revealed different transformation temperatures for the instruments analysed. Reciproc Blue was significantly more flexible than Reciproc for both new and used samples (P < 0.05), and they were significantly more resistant to cyclic fatigue than Reciproc (P < 0.05). Ex vivo usage reduced the fatigue resistance of both files. Torsional resistance of Reciproc and Reciproc Blue was not reduced by simulated use (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe thermal treatment of Reciproc Blue was associated with a finer structure with smaller grains than Reciproc, which increased its fracture resistance and was also responsible for its reduced hardness and lower elastic modulus. Both files were safe during ex vivo usage in severely curved canals.

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Evaluation of the usage-induced degradation of Genius and Reciproc nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

In-Depth Metallurgical and Microstructural Analysis of Oneshape and Heat Treated Onecurve Instruments

In-Depth Metallurgical and Microstructural Analysis of Oneshape and Heat Treated Onecurve Instruments

Evaluación topográfica de limas reciprocantes, posterior a la instrumentación de conductos curvos. Estudio ex vivo

Mechanical properties and metallurgical features of new and ex vivo used Reciproc Blue and Reciproc

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