Evaluation of the specificity of intradermal tuberculin and serological tests for diagnosis of tuberculosis in alpaca (<i>Vicugna pacos</i>) and llama (<i>Lama glama</i>) herds under field conditions in Peru

Bezos, Javier; Romero, Beatriz; Delgado, Álvaro; Álvarez, Julio; Casal, Carmen; Venteo, Ángel; González, Isabel Parejo; Domı́nguez, Lucas; Juan, Lucía de

doi:10.1136/vr.102463

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Several serological tests for detection of antibodies against TB described previously showed specificity range from 84 to 98% ( 13 , 17 , 19 ). The P22 ELISA achieved an excellent specificity of 100%, higher than all serological test described up to date for diagnosis of TB in camelids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Evaluation of a Serological Assay for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Alpacas and Llamas

Infantes-Lorenzo

Whitehead²,

Moreno

et al. 2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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South American camelids are susceptible to tuberculosis, caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis and M. microti. Despite the tuberculin skin test being the official test for tuberculosis, it has a very low sensitivity in these species (14–20%). Serological tests present the advantages of being rapid, easy to perform and facilitate analysis of large numbers of samples in a short period of time. Novel antigen discovery and evaluation would provide enhanced detection of specific antibodies against members of M. tuberculosis complex. Here, we describe the development and evaluation of an ELISA-type immunoassays to use in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in llamas and alpacas based on P22, a multiprotein complex obtained by affinity chromatography from bovine Purified Protein Derivative (bPPD), that showed high sensitivity and specificity in mice, cattle and goats. This work was performed in two stages. First, a preliminary panel of samples collected from tuberculosis-free (n = 396) and M. bovis-infected herds (n = 56) was assayed, obtaining high specificity (100%) and sensitivity ranging from 63 to 96%. Subsequently, the use of the serological assay was tested using samples from two herds suffering from clinical M. bovis (n = 88) and M. microti (n = 25) infection to evaluate the ability of the ELISA to detect infected animals. 11 out of 88 alpacas were positive to the ELISA in a M. bovis outbreak and 7 out of 25 in a M. microti outbreak. The P22 ELISA potentially provides a sensitive and specific platform for improved tuberculosis surveillance in camelids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specificity of the serological tests was evaluated in two different TB-free herds of alpacas and llamas located in different regions in Peru ( 19 ). The first alpaca herd was located at 4,000 m of altitude in La Libertad (northwest) and the second llama herd was located at approximately 4,200 m of altitude in Puno (southeast).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of a Serological Assay for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Alpacas and Llamas

Infantes-Lorenzo

Whitehead²,

Moreno

et al. 2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The SIT and CIT tests were carried out in the cervical region using the commercial bovine and avian PPDs (bPPD and aPPD, respectively) (CZ Vaccines S.A., Porriño, Spain) and were interpreted as described elsewhere [ 16 , 17 ]. Briefly, the animals were inoculated with 0.1 ml of bPPD on the left-hand side of the thorax area, just behind of scapula (SIT test), and with 0.1 ml of a PPD on the right-hand side (CIT test) using a McLintock syringe (Bar Knight McLintock Limited, Clydebank, UK).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium caprae in a camel (Camelus dromedarius)

et al. 2020

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Background Animal tuberculosis (TB) is distributed worldwide and has a wide range of wild and domestic reservoirs. Few studies concerning TB in camelids have been published in the last decade, particularly as regards Old World Camelids (OWC), but the increase in reports of TB outbreaks in these species in recent years suggests a high susceptibility to the infection. Case presentation We studied a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) herd (n = 24) in which a Mycobacterium caprae infection was detected. The TB infection was confirmed in one animal at necropsy through the detection of TB lesions, mainly in the abdominal organs, and the subsequent isolation of M. caprae (SB0157 spoligotype). The whole herd was additionally tested using cellular and humoral based diagnostic techniques. The intradermal tuberculin test results were compared with those obtained using P22 ELISA for the detection of specific antibodies against the M. tuberculosis complex. The TB infected animal was a positive reactor to both the intradermal tuberculin tests and P22 ELISA, while the others were negative to all the diagnostic tests. Conclusion The present study found M. caprae infection in OWC. This is the first report of M. caprae infection in an OWC not living in a zoo. Since the animal was born in the herd and fed with goat’s milk, this practice was suspected to be the potential source of TB infection, which was not confirmed in the other animals present in the herd. Moreover, our results highlight that the intradermal tuberculin test and the P22 ELISA could be valuable tools for the diagnosis of TB in OWC.

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“…Tests for diagnosis of TB in camelids I WAS interested in the short communication 'Evaluation of the specificity of intradermal tuberculin and serological tests for diagnosis of tuberculosis in alpaca (Vicugna pacos) and llama (Lama glama) herds under field conditions in Peru', by Bezos and others (2014). The fact that, overall, these tests were negative could well suggest a high specificity to the single and single comparative intradermal tuberculin tests in camelids, but a high degree of specificity without high sensitivity is not particularly helpful.…”

Section: Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restructuring the RCVS fellowship

Jackson¹

2014

Veterinary Record

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Evaluation of the specificity of intradermal tuberculin and serological tests for diagnosis of tuberculosis in alpaca (Vicugna pacos) and llama (Lama glama) herds under field conditions in Peru

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Development and Evaluation of a Serological Assay for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Alpacas and Llamas

Development and Evaluation of a Serological Assay for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Alpacas and Llamas

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium caprae in a camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Restructuring the RCVS fellowship

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