Evaluation of the Sex-and-Age-Specific Effects of PM2.5 on Hospital Readmission in the Presence of the Competing Risk of Mortality in the Medicare Population of Utah 1999–2009

Leiser, Claire L.; Smith, Ken R.; VanDerslice, James; Glotzbach, Jason P.; Farrell, Timothy W.; Hanson, Heidi A.

doi:10.3390/jcm8122114

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…A similar effect for PM 10 and MI morbidity was found in a study conducted in Tuscany, Italy [ 44 ]. Furthermore, a 10 μg/m 3 increase in the 3-day average exposure to PM 2.5 was associated with a 36% increase in the 30-day risk of death among female patients originally hospitalized for ischemic heart disease [ 51 ]. Chen et al, found a stronger correlation between exposure to four analyzed air pollutants (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 ) and stroke hospitalization in women compared to men up to 5 days after exposure [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-City Analysis of the Acute Effect of Polish Smog on Cause-Specific Mortality (EP-PARTICLES Study)

Święczkowski

Dobrzycki

Kuźma

2023

IJERPH

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Polish smog is a specific type of air pollution present in Eastern Poland, which may cause particularly adverse cardiovascular effects. It is characterized primarily by high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and different favorable conditions of formation. Our study aimed to assess whether PM and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have a short-term impact on mortality due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and ischemic stroke (IS). The study covered the years 2016–2020, a total of 6 million person-years from five main cities in Eastern Poland. To evaluate the association between air pollution and cause-specific mortality, a case-crossover study design with conditional logistic regression was used at days with LAG from 0 to 2. We recorded 87,990 all-cause deaths, including 9688 and 3776 deaths due to ACS and IS, respectively. A 10 μg/m3 increase in air pollutants was associated with an increase in mortality due to ACS (PM2.5 OR = 1.029, 95%CI 1.011–1.047, p = 0.002; PM10 OR = 1.015, 95%CI 1–1.029, p = 0.049) on LAG 0. On LAG 1 we recorded an increase in both IS (PM2.5 OR = 1.03, 95%CI 1.001–1.058, p = 0.04) and ACS (PM2.5 OR = 1.028, 95%CI 1.01–1.047, p = 0.003; PM10 OR = 1.026, 95%CI 1.011–1.041, p = 0.001; NO2 OR = 1.036, 95%CI 1.003–1.07, p = 0.04). There was a strong association between air pollution and cause-specific mortality in women (ACS: PM2.5 OR = 1.032, 95%CI 1.006–1.058, p = 0.01; PM10 OR = 1.028, 95%CI 1.008–1.05, p = 0.01) and elderly (ACS: PM2.5 OR = 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.05, p = 0.003; PM10 OR = 1.027, 95% CI 1.011–1.043, p < 0.001 and IS: PM2.5 OR = 1.037, 95%CI 1.007–1.069, p = 0.01; PM10 OR = 1.025, 95%CI 1.001–1.05, p = 0.04). The negative influence of PMs was observed on mortality due to ACS and IS. NO2 was associated with only ACS-related mortality. The most vulnerable subgroups were women and the elderly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-City Analysis of the Acute Effect of Polish Smog on Cause-Specific Mortality (EP-PARTICLES Study)

Święczkowski

Dobrzycki

Kuźma

2023

IJERPH

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“…Sensitivity analyses showed that results were generally robust for both short- and long-term exposure when we excluded studies with the largest or smallest estimated effect size, small sample size, and high risk of bias in any domain (Table S2). Sensitivity analysis after excluding short-term exposure studies that focused only on a special population (i.e., patients with CVD or HF) 26 , 78 , 88 , 102 or a special period, 99 , 101 such as a wildfire or storm, still supported the soundness of the results (Table S2). For instance, after excluding studies that focused only on special populations, short-term exposure to

was still associated with a significantly increased risk of HF (

, 95% CI: 1.010, 1.023).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of Air Pollution on Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jia

Lin

et al. 2023

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Heart failure (HF) poses a significant global disease burden. The current evidence on the impact of air pollution on HF remains inconsistent. Objectives: We aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to provide a more comprehensive and multiperspective assessment of the associations between short- and long-term air pollution exposure and HF from epidemiological evidences. Methods: Three databases were searched up to 31 August 2022 for studies investigating the association between air pollutants ( , , , , CO, ) and HF hospitalization, incidence, or mortality. A random effects model was used to derive the risk estimations. Subgroup analysis was conducted by geographical location, age of participants, outcome, study design, covered area, the methods of exposure assessment, and the length of exposure window. Sensitivity analysis and adjustment for publication bias were performed to test the robustness of the results. Results: Of 100 studies covering 20 countries worldwide, 81 were for short-term and 19 were for long-term exposure. Almost all air pollutants were adversely associated with the risk of HF in both short- and long-term exposure studies. For short-term exposures, we found the risk of HF increased by 1.8% [relative risk , 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.011, 1.025] and 1.6% ( , 95% CI: 1.011, 1.020) per increment of and , respectively. HF was also significantly associated with , , and CO, but not . Positive associations were stronger when exposure was considered over the previous 2 d (lag 0–1) rather than on the day of exposure only (lag 0). For long-term exposures, there were significant associations between several air pollutants and HF with RR (95% CI) of 1.748 (1.112, 2.747) per increment in , 1.212 (1.010, 1.454) per increment in , and 1.204 (1.069, 1.356) per increment in , respectively. The adverse associations of most pollutants with HF were greater in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of our results. Discussion: Available evidence highlighted adverse associations between air pollution and HF regardless of short- and long-term exposure. Air pollution is still a prevalent public health issue globally and sustained policies and actions are called for to reduce the burden of HF. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11506

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“…Case-crossover studies of hospitalizations further observed that air pollution was associated with heart failure hospitalizations (13.1% increase per 10 µg/m 3 , 95% CI: 1.3-26.2) [40] but not with hospitalizations for atrial fibrillations [42]. A cohort study examining the risk of hospital readmission and death after cardiovascular events found that an increase of 10 µg/m 3 in PM 2.5 led to a 25-30% increased risk of readmission [44].…”

Section: Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 98%

Historic and Modern Air Pollution Studies Conducted in Utah

Pirozzi

Horne

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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Utah’s low-smoking population and high population density concentrated in mountain valleys, with intermittent industrial activity and frequent temperature inversions, have yielded unique opportunities to study air pollution. These studies have contributed to the understanding of the human health impacts of air pollution. The populated mountain valleys of Utah experience considerable variability in concentrations of ambient air pollution because of local emission sources that change over time and episodic atmospheric conditions that result in elevated concentrations of air pollution. Evidence from Utah studies indicates that air pollution, especially combustion-related fine particulate matter air pollution and ozone, contributes to various adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and increased risk of lung cancer. The evidence suggests that air pollution may also contribute to risk of pre-term birth, pregnancy loss, school absences, and other adverse health outcomes.

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Evaluation of the Sex-and-Age-Specific Effects of PM2.5 on Hospital Readmission in the Presence of the Competing Risk of Mortality in the Medicare Population of Utah 1999–2009

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Multi-City Analysis of the Acute Effect of Polish Smog on Cause-Specific Mortality (EP-PARTICLES Study)

Multi-City Analysis of the Acute Effect of Polish Smog on Cause-Specific Mortality (EP-PARTICLES Study)

Effect of Air Pollution on Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Historic and Modern Air Pollution Studies Conducted in Utah

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