Evaluation of the sap flow determined with a heat balance method to measure the transpiration of a sugarcane canopy

Chabot, Rosanne; Bouarfa, Sami; Zimmer, Daniel; Chaumont, Cédric; Moreau, Sandra

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2004.12.010

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Therefore, it is more simple to conduct scale transformation in farmland than in forest due to the single crop species planted, the relatively homogeneous vegetation distribution pattern, and the low spatial variability in the water availability (Loranty et al, 2008), which make it straightforward and feasible to extrapolate point observations to representative area values, and lead to highly credible and reasonable scaled results (Allen et al, 2011a). However, it is also a challenge to conduct scale transformation in farmland due to rapid crop growth, rapid changes in leaf area and stem diameter, and large diversity in growth conditions among plants, all of which affect the results and introduce errors (Chabot et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is reported in previous studies that sap flow overestimates transpiration by 7-35 % (Chabot et al, 2005;Ham et al, 1990) due to the stem heat storage, heat dissipation to the ambient environment and accuracy of stem temperature measurements. For eddy covariance, it is a known phenomenon that the observation likely underestimates ET at field scale (Foken, 2008;Wilson et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) under the zero flow condition (F p = 0) using the data obtained each day. Previous studies have assumed that the transpiration should be zero before dawn (Chabot et al, 2005;Dugas et al, 1994;Kigalu, 2007). Such a condition was assumed to be achieved from 03:00 to 05:00 (UTC + 6) in this study, given that sunrise occurred between 05:00 and 06:00 LT during study periods.…”

Section: Evapotranspiration Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, measurement of the leaf area may require additional work compared with measurement of the stem diameters, and is timeconsuming and impractical if the number of samples is too large. With comprehensive respect to feasibility and accuracy, an integrated upscaling approach of ET from plant-to field scale was developed by Chabot et al (2005). A relationship (function A = (D)) between leaf area and stem diameter of sugarcane was developed based on 100 plant samples.…”

Section: Upscaling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the investigations of the stem diameters and the plant densities in 12 1 m-long sub-plots distributed throughout the field, the total leaf area can be calculated using the abovementioned relationship. The sap flow was expressed per unit leaf area, and the transpiration can then be obtained by multiplying the sap flow per unit leaf area by the total leaf area in the field (Approach 5; for more details, see Chabot et al, 2005).…”

Section: Upscaling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A comparison of methods for determining field evapotranspiration: photosynthesis system, sap flow, and eddy covariance

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.A multi-scale, multi-technique study was conducted to measure evapotranspiration and its components in a cotton field under mulched drip irrigation conditions in northwestern China. Three measurement techniques at different scales were used: a photosynthesis system (leaf scale), sap flow (plant scale), and eddy covariance (field scale). The experiment was conducted from July to September 2012. To upscale the evapotranspiration from the leaf to plant scale, an approach that incorporated the canopy structure and the relationships between sunlit and shaded leaves was proposed. To upscale the evapotranspiration from the plant to field scale, an approach based on the transpiration per unit leaf area was adopted and modified to incorporate the temporal variability in the relationship between leaf areas and stem diameter. At the plant scale, the estimate of the transpiration based on the photosynthesis system with upscaling was slightly higher (18 %) than that obtained by sap flow. At the field scale, the estimates of transpiration derived from sap flow with upscaling and eddy covariance showed reasonable consistency during the cotton's open-boll growth stage, during which soil evaporation can be neglected. The results indicate that the proposed upscaling approaches are reasonable and valid. Based on the measurements and upscaling approaches, evapotranspiration components were analyzed for a cotton field under mulched drip irrigation. During the two analyzed sub-periods in July and August, evapotranspiration rates were 3.94 and 4.53 m day −1 , respectively. The fraction of transpiration to evapotranspiration reached 87.1 % before drip irrigation and 82.3 % after irrigation. The high fraction of transpiration over evapotranspiration was principally due to the mulched film above the drip pipe, low soil water content in the inter-film zone, well-closed canopy, and high water requirement of the crop.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evapotranspiration Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Upscaling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Upscaling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A comparison of methods for determining field evapotranspiration: photosynthesis system, sap flow, and eddy covariance

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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A new approach to estimate canopy evaporation and canopy interception capacity from evapotranspiration and sap flow measurements during and following wetting

et al. 2015

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Canopy interception and its evaporation into the atmosphere during irrigation or a rainfall event are important in irrigation scheduling, but are challenging to estimate using conventional methods. This study introduces a new approach to estimate the canopy interception from measurements of actual total evapotranspiration (ET) using eddy covariance and estimation of the transpiration from measurements of sap flow. The measurements were conducted over a small‐scale sprinkler‐irrigated cotton field before, during and after sprinkler irrigation. Evaporation and sap flow dynamics during irrigation show that the total ET during irrigation increased significantly because of the evaporation of free intercepted water while transpiration was suppressed almost completely. The difference between actual ET and transpiration (sap flow) during and immediately following irrigation (post irrigation) represents the total canopy evaporation while the canopy interception capacity was calculated as the difference between actual ET and transpiration (sap flow) during drying (post irrigation) following cessation of the irrigation. The canopy evaporation of cotton canopy was calculated as 0.8 mm, and the interception capacity was estimated to be 0.31 mm of water. The measurement uncertainty in both the non‐dimensional ET and non‐dimensional sap flow was shown to be very low. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Sap flow of Artemisia ordosica and the influence of environmental factors in a revegetated desert area: Tengger Desert, China

Huang¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

2010

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Artemisia ordosica is considered as an excellent sand-fixing plant in revegetated desert areas, which plays a pertinent role in stabilizing the mobile dunes and sustaining the desert ecosystems. Stem sap flows of about 10-year-old Artemisia ordosica plants were monitored continuously with heat balance method for the entire growing season in order to understand the water requirement and the effects of environmental factors on its transpiration and growth. Environment factors such as solar radiation, air temperatures, relative humidity, wind speed and precipitation were measured by the eddy covariance. Diurnal and seasonal variations of sap flow rate with different stem diameters and their correlation with meteorological factors and reference evapotranspiration were analysed. At the daily time scale, there was a significantly linear relationship between sap flow rate and reference evapotranspiration with a correlation coefficient of R 2 D 0Ð6368. But at the hourly time scale, the relationship of measured sap flow rate and calculated reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) was affected by the precipitation. A small precipitation would increase the sap flow and the ET 0 ; however, when the precipitation is large, the sap flow and ET 0 decrease. Leaf area index had a coincident variation with soil water content; both were determined by the precipitation, and meteorological factors were the most significant factors that affected the sap flow of Artemisia ordosica in the following order: solar radiation > vapour pressure deficit > relative humidity > air temperature > wind speed. The close correlation between daily sap flow rate and meteorological factors in the whole growing season would provide us an accurate estimation of the transpiration of Artemisia ordosica and rational water-carrying capacity of sand dunes in the revegetated desert areas.

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Evaluation of the sap flow determined with a heat balance method to measure the transpiration of a sugarcane canopy

Cited by 37 publications

References 20 publications

A comparison of methods for determining field evapotranspiration: photosynthesis system, sap flow, and eddy covariance

A comparison of methods for determining field evapotranspiration: photosynthesis system, sap flow, and eddy covariance

A new approach to estimate canopy evaporation and canopy interception capacity from evapotranspiration and sap flow measurements during and following wetting

Sap flow of Artemisia ordosica and the influence of environmental factors in a revegetated desert area: Tengger Desert, China

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