Evaluation of the residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with bendiocarb (FICAM WP 80) in six health districts in Senegal

Lo, Cheikh Mouhamadou Mbacké; Dia, Abdoulaye Kane; Dia, Ibrahima; Niang, El Hadji Amadou; Konaté, Lassana; Faye, Ousmane

doi:10.1186/s12936-019-2829-4

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Given the measured over-application of formulation to the surfaces measured by HPLC, the concentration required in any final IRS formulation would require further investigation. The known challenges of achieving long-lasting residual efficacy on a relatively uneven and porous mud surface (for example [ 23 , 24 ]) was again observed and will need to be a consideration in developing a final IRS formulation. Even though a preliminary prototype IRS formulation of Tenebenal™ was used to measure residual efficacy, it performed well compared to existing IRS products applied at their recommended application rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tenebenal: a meta-diamide with potential for use as a novel mode of action insecticide for public health

Lees

Ambrose

Williams

et al. 2020

Malar J

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Background There is an urgent need for insecticides with novel modes of action against mosquito vectors. Broflanilide is a meta-diamide, discovered and named Tenebenal™ by Mitsui Chemicals Agro, Inc., which has been identified as a candidate insecticide for use in public health products. Methods To evaluate its potential for use in public health, Tenebenal™ was screened using an array of methodologies against Anopheles and Aedes strains. Initially it was assessed for intrinsic efficacy by topical application. Tarsal contact bioassays were then conducted to further investigate its efficacy, as well as its potency and speed of action. The potential of the compound for use in indoor residual spray (IRS) applications was investigated by testing the residual efficacy of a prototype IRS formulation on a range of typical house building substrates, and its potential for use in long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) was tested using dipped net samples. Finally, bioassays using well-characterized insecticide-resistant mosquito strains and an in silico screen for mutations in the insecticide’s target site were performed to assess the risk of cross-resistance to Tenebenal™. Results Tenebenal™ was effective as a tarsal contact insecticide against both Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes, with no apparent cross-resistance caused by mechanisms that have evolved to insecticides currently used in vector control. Topical application showed potent intrinsic activity against a Kisumu reference strain and an insecticide-resistant strain of Anopheles gambiae. Applied to filter paper in a WHO tube bioassay, Tenebenal™ was effective in killing 100% of susceptible and resistant strains of An. gambiae and Aedes aegypti at a concentration of 0.01%. The discriminating concentration of 11.91 µg/bottle shows it to be very potent relative to chemistries previously identified as having potential for vector control. Mortality occurs within 24 h of exposure, 80% of this mortality occurring within the first 10 h, a speed of kill somewhat slower than seen with pyrethroids due to the mode of action. The potential of Tenebenal™ for development in LLIN and IRS products was demonstrated. At least 12 months residual efficacy of a prototype IRS formulation applied at concentrations up to 200 mg of AI/sq m was demonstrated on a range of representative wall substrates, and up to 18 months on more inert substrates. A dipped net with an application rate of around 2 g/sq m Tenebenal™ killed 100% of exposed mosquitoes within a 3-min exposure in a WHO cone test. Conclusions Tenebenal™ is a potent insecticide against adult Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes, including strains resistant to classes of insecticide currently used in vector control. The compound has shown great potential in laboratory assessment and warrants further investigation into development for the control of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tenebenal: a meta-diamide with potential for use as a novel mode of action insecticide for public health

Lees

Ambrose

Williams

et al. 2020

Malar J

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“…IRS has been conducted with different pyrethroids and formulations between 2007 and 2011. The NMCP shifted to bendiocarb from 2011 to 2014, then to organophosphate between 2014 and 2017 [ 22 ]. However, no IRS was conducted in 2018 due to the decision of the PMI to stop the program in Senegal [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NMCP shifted to bendiocarb from 2011 to 2014, then to organophosphate between 2014 and 2017 [ 22 ]. However, no IRS was conducted in 2018 due to the decision of the PMI to stop the program in Senegal [ 22 ]. All these insecticide management strategies may have contributed to the reduction in the pyrethroids selection pressure and thus the frequency of Vgsc-1014F mutation in the local vector populations [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the Pyrethroids Target-Site Resistance Mechanisms in Senegal: Early Stage of the Vgsc-1014F and Vgsc-1014S Allelic Frequencies Shift

Diallo

Hamid-Adiamoh

et al. 2021

Genes

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The evolution and spread of insecticide resistance mechanisms amongst malaria vectors across the sub-Saharan Africa threaten the effectiveness and sustainability of current insecticide-based vector control interventions. However, a successful insecticide resistance management plan relies strongly on evidence of historical and contemporary mechanisms circulating. This study aims to retrospectively determine the evolution and spread of pyrethroid resistance mechanisms among natural Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations in Senegal. Samples were randomly drawn from an existing mosquito sample, collected in 2013, 2017, and 2018 from 10 sentinel sites monitored by the Senegalese National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP). Molecular species of An. gambiae s.l. and the resistance mutations at the Voltage-gated Sodium Channel 1014 (Vgsc-1014) locus were characterised using PCR-based assays. The genetic diversity of the Vgsc gene was further analyzed by sequencing. The overall species composition revealed the predominance of Anopheles arabiensis (73.08%) followed by An. gambiae s.s. (14.48%), Anopheles coluzzii (10.94%) and Anopheles gambiae–coluzii hybrids (1.48%). Both Vgsc-1014F and Vgsc-1014S mutations were found in all studied populations with a spatial variation of allele frequencies from 3% to 90%; and 7% to 41%, respectively. The two mutations have been detected since 2013 across all the selected health districts, with Vgsc-L1014S frequency increasing over the years while Vgsc-1014F decreasing. At species level, the Vgsc-1014F and Vgsc-1014S alleles were more frequent amongst An. gambiae s.s. (70%) and An. arabiensis (20%). The Vgsc gene was found to be highly diversified with eight different haplotypes shared between Vgsc-1014F and Vgsc-1014S. The observed co-occurrence of Vgsc-1014F and Vgsc-1014S mutations suggest that pyrethroid resistance is becoming a widespread phenomenon amongst malaria vector populations, and the NMCP needs to address this issue to sustain the gain made in controlling malaria.

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“…The correlation study summarised that changes in concentration of insecticide and surface type (shaded and unshaded) effected wood more than concrete in relation to the effectiveness of the insecticide and this is most likely could be due to surface porosity. According to Lo et al, [15] high porosity of a wall structure could influence the efficacy of insecticides sprayed. His study demonstrated that mud wall has better insecticide efficacy compared to cement wall.…”

Section: Bio Efficacy Of the Insecticidementioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor residual spray for the control of monkey malaria vectors in Sarawak, Malaysia

Mn¹,

Wma²,

H³

et al. 2021

Int. J. Mosq. Res.

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The increase in cases of monkey malaria in humans, especially in Malaysia Borneo which is believed to be due to infection by the malaria vector that took place outdoor, shows the importance of outdoor residual spraying in controlling this vector. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the new formulation deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) and examine its suitability in the control of knowlesi malaria vector in Sarawak, in comparison to deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG250 wettable granule, the insecticide currently use in the vector control programme. The study was performed at three sites in Sarawak having similar type of houses made out of wood and concrete. Houses of two sites were sprayed outdoor with deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at two different dosages, one site with 25 mg/m 2 and the other site with 30 mg/m 2 . Houses of the third site (control house) were sprayed indoor with deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250 wettable granule at 25 mg/m 2 . Residual activity on different walls was assessed using WHO standard cone bioassay techniques. For vector surveillances, larvae and adult surveillance were conducted pre and post spraying. Nested and semi-nested PCR was conducted to detect the malaria parasite in adult mosquitoes. Outdoor residual sprayed of Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) presented higher efficacy compared to indoor residual sprayed of Deltamethrin K-Othrine® WG 250. The efficacy of different type of wall surfaces (wood and concrete) was found varied. Deltamethrin K-Othrine® (PolyZone) at 30 mg/m 2 was the most effective with regards to ability to cause higher mortality. Spraying activity conducted during this study, has resulted in malaria cases in Julau reduced significantly. Based on findings of this study, it is recommended to consider outdoor residual spraying on wall surfaces in the community for improved effectiveness of malaria vector control programme.

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Evaluation of the residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with bendiocarb (FICAM WP 80) in six health districts in Senegal

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Tenebenal: a meta-diamide with potential for use as a novel mode of action insecticide for public health

Tenebenal: a meta-diamide with potential for use as a novel mode of action insecticide for public health

Evolution of the Pyrethroids Target-Site Resistance Mechanisms in Senegal: Early Stage of the Vgsc-1014F and Vgsc-1014S Allelic Frequencies Shift

Outdoor residual spray for the control of monkey malaria vectors in Sarawak, Malaysia

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