“…44 Recently, this measure was adapted as a parent-report measure of postoperative pain in children age 12 and younger. 12 However, this adapted version did not include the child's emotional response to pain or treatment response, which are important components of pain assessment. Furthermore, the child's self-report is most important to assess due to the subjective nature of pain, 14,55 and the validity and clinical utility of this measure is limited by the parent-report format.…”