Evaluation of the Prevalence of bla_SHV, bla_TEM, and bla_CTX Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated From Urinary Tract Infections

Abstract

BackgroundEscherichia coli is the most important agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) which accounts for nearly 75% of the isolates (1, 2). Annually, about 150 million women suffer from UTIs worldwide (3). Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains often produce α-hemolysin which can cause an inflammatory response by the lysis of cells and the release of cytokine (4). β-lactamases are the enzymes that disrupt beta-lactam antibiotics and secret into the periplasmic space in gram-negative bacteria or out of the cell by Gram-positive organisms (5,6). Based on the protein sequence homology (the Ambler classification scheme), beta-lactamases are divided into A, B, C, and D types. According to Tooke et al study (7), the A-, C-, and D-type β-lactamases have serine at their active site (seineβ-lactamases) whereas B-type enzymes are considered as zinc-containing metalloenzymes (metallo-β-lactamases).The extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were first recognized in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens in the mid-1980s. These enzymes are produced by gram-negative bacilli and are often classified into temoneira (bla TEM β-lactamase), sulfhydryl variable active site (bla SHV β-lactamase), and the cefotaxime degrading enzyme (bla CTX-M β-lactamase) classes (8). The high prevalence of ESBLs in E. coli has raised concerns about the treatment of the infection caused by this bacterium (9). The ESBLs represent resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics except for carbapenems and cefamycins and are mainly produced by E. coli and K. pneumoniae (10). TEM-1, TEM-2, and SHV-1 are named narrow-spectrum β-lactamases because they hydrolyze penicillins and are considered as the first generation of cephalosporins such as cephalothin, cephaloridine, or cefazolin (11). The ESBLs are emanated from the narrow-spectrum

Assessment of Beta-lactamases and Integrons Genes among Bacteria Isolated From Bladder Cancer Patients with Urinary Tract Infections

“…The recent study reported that blaSHV from all E.coli isolates about 26.3% and ( 29.4%,27.27,20%) in all groups respectively , this is in agreement with a study conducted in Erbil City, Iraqi Kurdistan Region by (34),they reported the presence of blaSHV in about (28.5%) of E.coli isolates ; Another study supported our findings was done by (32) investigated that around 20.6% of E. coli isolates had blaSHV; Additionally, (35)revealed that the rate of blaSHV around 20% ; The rate of blaSHV in this study was higher than that reported by (36) in an Iranian hospital (5.5%) which were E. coli isolates.…”

Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes among Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infection in Mashhad

“…Generally, the highest presence of ESBLs was recorded for blaTEM and blaCTX-M, which was in line with earlier results [9,[31][32][33][34]. Although, some studies reported a lower rate of blaCTX-M, 28%, and 32%, respectively [35,36]. This discrepancy can be explained by different geography and the increase of genes transferring during the time.…”

womPrevalence of Some Group A Beta-Lactamase Genes among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Women with Cystitis

“…Alipour and Jafari (35) showed that the uniplex PCR of the 45 ESBL-producing E. coli strains indicated that the bla TEM was the most abundant gene (89%) , followed by CTX-M (27%) and SHV (20%). These genes are common in Klebsiella pneumonia and E. coli (36).…”