Evaluation of the presence of microorganisms from root canal of teeth submitted to retreatment due to prosthetic reasons and without evidence of apical periodontitis

Bícego-Pereira, Eloá Cristina; Barbosa-Ribeiro, Marlos; Soares, Adriana de Jesus; Zaia, Alexandre Augusto; Ferraz, Caio Cézar Randi; Almeida, José Flávio Affonso de; Marciano, Marina Angélica; Feres, Magda; Gomes, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida

doi:10.1007/s00784-020-03200-z

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Therefore, a handful of retreatment studies have investigated the extent of microbial infection. These are either clinical in vivo studies (Bicego‐Pereira et al, 2020; Pourhajibagher et al, 2017; Schirrmeister et al, 2007; Silva et al, 2017) where variables are more difficult to control, or laboratory studies (Al‐Nazhan et al, 2014; Edgar et al, 2006; Xavier et al, 2018) using an experimental model in which tooth samples were sterilized and then infected with, for example, Enterococcus faecalis (Edgar et al, 2006; Xavier et al, 2018) or together with Candida albicans (Al‐Nazhan et al, 2014). Microbial counts were quantified as colony‐forming units by taking samples, at various junctures, during retreatment procedures.…”

Section: Other Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a handful of retreatment studies have investigated the extent of microbial infection. These are either clinical in vivo studies (Bicego-Pereira et al, 2020;Pourhajibagher et al, 2017;Schirrmeister et al, 2007;Silva et al, 2017) where variables are more difficult to control, or laboratory studies (Al-Nazhan et al, 2014;Edgar et al, 2006;Xavier et al, 2018) using an experimental model in which…”

Section: Extent Of Microbial Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study removal of root filling materials

2021

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Despite enjoying high favourable outcome rates, root canal treatment is not always successful. Root canal retreatment is a widely practised option for managing a nonhealing root treated tooth. A basic distinction between retreatment and initial treatment is the requirement to remove the existing root filling material occupying the Nguyen et al. (2019) Crozeta et al. (2020) Prati et al. (2020) Crozeta et al. (2021) Clearing and splitting Fariniuk et al. (2017) MCT and CLM Canali et al. (2019) Others Binary (Yes/No) Hülsmann (1990) Ibarrola et al. (1993)

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Section: Other Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extent Of Microbial Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study removal of root filling materials

2021

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“…E. faecalis has been detected in up to 77% of persistent intraradicular infections, thus drawing considerable attention as a remarkable member of the multispecies infection associated with recalcitrant chronic apical lesions (Zhang et al 2015). Interestingly, the detection rate of E. faecalis is higher in the coronal third of filled root canals than in the middle and apical thirds (Bicego-Pereira et al 2020). Several studies have found that E. faecalis is seldom detected in extra-radicular biofilms (Wang et al 2012; Ran et al 2017), along with a recent microbiome study that presented that the abundance of Enterococcus is much higher in the root apices than in periapical lesions in cases with failed root canal treatment (Perez-Carrasco et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococcus faecalis Extracellular Vesicles Promote Apical Periodontitis

Ma,

Deng,

et al. 2024

J Dent Res

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Enterococcus faecalis is an important contributor to the persistence of chronic apical periodontitis. However, the mechanism by which E. faecalis infection in the root canals and dentinal tubules affects periapical tissue remains unclear. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as natural carriers of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and have recently attracted considerable attention. In this study, we investigated the role of EVs derived from E. faecalis in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis. We observed that E. faecalis EVs can induce inflammatory bone destruction in the periapical areas of mice. Double-labeling immunofluorescence indicated that M1 macrophage infiltration was increased by E. faecalis EVs in apical lesions. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated the internalization of E. faecalis EVs into macrophages. Macrophages tended to polarize toward the M1 profile after treatment with E. faecalis EVs. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can recognize MAMPs of bacterial EVs and, in turn, trigger inflammatory responses. Thus, we performed further mechanistic exploration, which showed that E. faecalis EVs considerably increased the expression of NOD2, a cytoplasmic PRR, and that inhibition of NOD2 markedly reduced macrophage M1 polarization induced by E. faecalis EVs. RIPK2 ubiquitination is a major downstream of NOD2. We also observed increased RIPK2 ubiquitination in macrophages treated with E. faecalis EVs, and E. faecalis EV-induced macrophage M1 polarization was notably alleviated by the RIPK2 ubiquitination inhibitor. Our study revealed the potential for EVs to be considered a virulence factor of E. faecalis and found that E. faecalis EVs can promote macrophage M1 polarization via NOD2/RIPK2 signaling. To our knowledge, this is the first report to investigate apical periodontitis development from the perspective of bacterial vesicles and demonstrate the role and mechanism of E. faecalis EVs in macrophage polarization. This study expands our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of E. faecalis and provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis.

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“…In root canal treatment and re-treatment, numerous complications can occur during the cleaning and shaping of root canals. While some complications can be resolved, others can significantly reduce the prognosis and sometimes lead to complete treatment failure [1][2][3]. In this context, the fracture of instruments in the root canal (RC) during canal shaping is reported to be one of the most common reasons for a negative prognosis [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) instruments two decades ago revolutionized endodontic treatments [6] thanks to their versatile alloy with properties such as memory, super elasticity, corrosion resistance, resistance to torsional fracture, and biocompatibility [6]. However, like all endodontic instruments, Ni-Ti instruments can fracture [1][2][3]. The prevalence of retained fractured endodontic instruments is reported to be approximately 1.6% with a range of 0.7-7.4%; however, it should be noted that studies may not provide representative data since not all fractured instruments are documented [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Safety of Removing Fractured Nickel–Titanium Files in Root Canals Using a Nd: YAP Laser

Namour,

El Mobadder,

Matamba

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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The fracture of nickel–titanium (Ni-Ti) instruments during root canal instrumentation leads to compromised outcomes in endodontic treatments. Despite the significant impact of instrument facture during a root canal treatment, there is still no universally accepted method to address this complication. Several previous studies have shown the ability of a Neodymium: Yttrium–Aluminum–Perovskite (Nd: YAP) laser to cut endodontic files. This study aims to determine safe irradiation conditions for a clinical procedure involving the use of a Neodymium: Yttrium–Aluminum–Perovskite (Nd: YAP) laser for removing fractured nickel–titanium files in root canals. A total of 54 extracted permanent human teeth (n = 54) were used. This study involved nine distinct groups, each employing different irradiation conditions. Groups 1 s, 3 s, 5 s, 10 s, and 15 s simply consist of irradiation for 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 s, respectively. After identifying the longest and safest duration time, four additional groups were proposed (labeled A, B, C, and D). Group A was composed of three series of irradiations of 5 s each separated by a rest time of 30 s (L5s + 30 s RT). Group B consisted of three series of irradiations of 5 s each separated by a rest time of 60 s (L5s + 60 s RT). Group C consisted of two series of irradiations of 5 s each separated by a rest time of 30 s (L5s + 30 s RT), and group D consisted of two series of irradiations of 5 s each separated by a rest time of 5 s (L5s + 5 s RT). In all groups, during the rest time, continuous irrigation with 2.5 mL of sodium hypochlorite (3% NaOCl) was carried out. The variation in temperature during irradiation was registered with a thermocouple during irradiation with different protocols. The mean and standard deviation of the temperature increase was noted. The calculation of the temperature was made as the Δ of the highest recorded temperature at the root surface minus (-) that recorded at baseline (37°). Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used after irradiation in all groups in order to assess the morphological changes in the root dentinal walls. The Nd: YAP laser irradiation parameters were a power of 3W, an energy of 300 mJ per pulse, a fiber diameter of 200 µm, a pulsed mode of irradiation with a frequency of 10 Hz, a pulse duration of 150 𝜇s, and an energy density of 955.41 J/cm2. Our results show that the safest protocol for bypassing and/or removing broken instruments involves three series of irradiation of 5 s each with a rest time of 30 s between each series. Furthermore, our results suggest that continuous irradiation for 10 s or more may be harmful for periodontal tissue.

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Evaluation of the presence of microorganisms from root canal of teeth submitted to retreatment due to prosthetic reasons and without evidence of apical periodontitis

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study removal of root filling materials

Critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study removal of root filling materials

Enterococcus faecalis Extracellular Vesicles Promote Apical Periodontitis

The Safety of Removing Fractured Nickel–Titanium Files in Root Canals Using a Nd: YAP Laser

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