Evaluation of the performances of twelve rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosis of HIV infection in Yaounde, Cameroon

Njouom, Richard; Ngono, Laure; Mekinda-Gometi, Desirée Denise; Ndé, Cyprien Kengne; Sadeuh-Mba, Serge Alain; Vernet, Marie‐Astrid; Tchendjou, Patrice; Vernet, Guy

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.02.008

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The RDT sensitivities found in this study are lower than those reported in Cameroon where the sensitivity of 12 rapid tests for HIV detection ranged between 93.7% and 100% . The sensitivity of 90.9% for Alere DETERMINE obtained here is lower than that of 98.5% and 98.95% reported in previous studies in Nigeria and South Africa .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…A previous study in Gabon has shown low sensitivities of RDTs in HIV detection during seroconversion . These low sensitivities of RDTs could also be attributed to the influence of HIV variants, as reported in previous studies . According to the WHO, a high‐performance RDT must have a sensitivity >99% for the detection of HIV .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…15 These low sensitivities of RDTs could also be attributed to the influence of HIV variants, as reported in previous studies. 12,16 According to the WHO, a highperformance RDT must have a sensitivity >99% for the detection of HIV. 1 A RDT with lower sensitivity than WHO standards increases the risk of obtaining false negatives, which represents a major challenge in blood transfusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of rapid diagnostic tests and fourth‐generation Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assays in the screening of Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis B virus infections among first‐time blood donors in Libreville (Gabon)

Eko

Bisseyé

Mombo

et al. 2018

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background Blood transfusion is a pathway for the transmission of blood‐borne pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) from donors to recipients in most countries in sub‐Saharan Africa, including Gabon. The study aimed to compare the performance of four rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs: Alere DETERMINE, BIOSYNEX Exacto Pro HIV, MEDIFF HIV 1&2, and BIOSYNEX IMMUNOQUICK HBsAg) with results of 4th‐generation immunoenzymatic assays COBAS 6000 e601 and EVOLIS BioRad for the detection of HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in blood donors in Libreville, Gabon. Methods Reactive and nonreactive blood samples for HIV and HBsAg were selected using fourth‐generation ELISA COBAS 6000 e601 and EVOLIS BioRad. The sensitivities of RDTs were calculated using Epi Info version 6.04dfr (CDC, Atlanta, USA). Results Sensitivities for the detection of HIV in blood donors were 90.9% for Alere DETERMINE, 81.8% for BIOSYNEX Exacto Pro HIV, and 81.8% for MEDIFF HIV 1&2 Serum/sang Total Cassette compared with COBAS 6000 e601. The sensitivity of Alere DETERMINE compared to the semi‐automated ELISA Bio‐Rad for HIV detection was 65.6%. The sensitivity of BIOSYNEX IMMUNOQUICK HBsAg compared to ELISA tests for the detection of HBsAg was 78.0%. The specificity of all RDTs for the detection of HIV and HBsAg was 100%. Conclusion Alere DETERMINE HIV‐1/2, MEDIFF HIV 1&2 Serum/sang Total Cassette, BIOSYNEX Exacto Pro HIV, and BIOSYNEX IMMUNOQUICK HBsAg are not recommended for determining whether donors qualify to donate blood because of their low sensitivity for the detection of HIV antibodies and HBsAg in blood donors in Gabon.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of rapid diagnostic tests and fourth‐generation Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assays in the screening of Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis B virus infections among first‐time blood donors in Libreville (Gabon)

Eko

Bisseyé

Mombo

et al. 2018

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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“…2 ), a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was offered to consenting parents of participating children, with immediate result delivery, by task shifting from laboratory technicians to trained healthcare providers. Briefly, the first RDT (Determine™ HIV-1/2) was performed using capillary blood from the child/adolescent as per the manufacturer’s instructions, with a sensitivity of 100% (98.5–100) and a specificity of 95.8% (93.3–98.4) for HIV-1/2 evaluated locally [ 12 ]. After 15 min, the result was provided and post-test counselling done accordingly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of a non-reactive HIV result, the child/adolescent has declared HIV-negative (i.e. free of HIV-infection); in case of a reactive HIV result, a second more specific RDT (Oraquick®) was performed as per the manufacturer’s instructions, with a sensitivity of 96.7% (94.4–98.9) and a specificity of 100% (98.5–100) to confirm HIV infection, as per local assessment [ 12 ]. In case of discordant results between the two RDTs, an ELISA test (ELISA” Genscreen™ ULTRA HIV Ag - Ab) was performed as tier breaker following the manufacturer’s instructions (i.e to confirm or exclude HIV-infection).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and utility of active case finding of HIV-infected children and adolescents by provider-initiated testing and counselling: evidence from the Laquintinie hospital in Douala, Cameroon

et al. 2018

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BackgroundUniversal HIV testing and treatment of infected children remain challenging in resource-limited settings (RLS), leading to undiagnosed children/adolescents and limited access to pediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of active cases finding of HIV-infected children/adolescents by provider-initiated testing and counseling in a health facility.MethodsA cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from January through April 2016 at 6 entry-points (inpatient, outpatient, neonatology, immunization/family planning, tuberculosis, day-care units) at the Laquintinie Hospital of Douala (LHD), Cameroon. At each entry-point, following counseling with consenting parents, children/adolescents (0–19 years old) with unknown HIV status were tested using the Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) (Determine®) and confirmed with a second RDT (Oraquick®) according to national guidelines. For children less than 18 months, PCR was performed to confirm every positive RDT. Community health workers linked infected participants by accompanying them from the entry-point to the treatment centre for an immediate ART initiation following the « test and treat » strategy. Statistical analysis was performed, with p < 0.05 considered significant.ResultsOut of 3439 children seen at entry-points, 2107 had an unknown HIV status (61.3%) and HIV testing acceptance rate was 99.9% (2104). Their mean age was 2.1 (Sd = 2.96) years, with a sex ratio boy/girl of 6/5. HIV prevalence was 2.1% (44), without a significant difference between boys and girls (p = 0.081). High rates of HIV-infection were found among siblings/descendants (22.2%), TB treatment unit attendees (11.4%) and hospitalized children/adolescents (5.6%); p < 0.001. Up to 95.4% (42/44) of those infected children/adolescents were initiated on ART. Overall, 487 (23.2%) deaths were registered (122 per month) and among them, 7 (15.9%) were HIV-positive; mainly due to tuberculosis and malnutrition.ConclusionThe consistent rate of unknown HIV status among children/adolescents attending health facilities, the high acceptability rates of HIV testing and linkage to ART, underscore the feasibility and utility of an active case finding model, using multiple entry-points at the health facility, in achieving the 90–90-90 targets for paediatric HIV/AIDS in RLS.

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Human Acute and Chronic Viruses: Host-Pathogen Interactions and Therapeutics

Hoffman

Chigbu

Crumley

et al. 2020

Advanced Concepts in Human Immunology: Prospects for Disease Control

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Evaluation of the performances of twelve rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosis of HIV infection in Yaounde, Cameroon

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Assessment of rapid diagnostic tests and fourth‐generation Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assays in the screening of Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis B virus infections among first‐time blood donors in Libreville (Gabon)

Assessment of rapid diagnostic tests and fourth‐generation Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assays in the screening of Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis B virus infections among first‐time blood donors in Libreville (Gabon)

Feasibility and utility of active case finding of HIV-infected children and adolescents by provider-initiated testing and counselling: evidence from the Laquintinie hospital in Douala, Cameroon

Human Acute and Chronic Viruses: Host-Pathogen Interactions and Therapeutics

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