Evaluation of the pelvioureteral function through an impedance urine bolusmetry.

Ureteric Function and Upper Urinary Tract Urodynamics in Patients with Stones in Kidney and Ureter

“…The impedance measurements are based on field gradient principle for quantification of cross sectional area of ureteral urine bolus (Harada et al, 1984), or as a function of ureteric motor activity (Roshani et al, 1999(Roshani et al, 2000Kinn, & Lykkeskov-Andersen, 2002). …”

“…Electromyography together with impedance method based on cross sectional area of urine bolus measurement was reported to be carried out in laboratory and clinical experiments (Harada et al, 1984). The authors used the probe consisted of ureteral catheter with 4 ring impedance electrodes and a bipolar ring ureteromyographic electrode.…”

“…The increasing urinary flow is accompanied with growing rate of peristaltic contractions till the ureter takes the shape of an open duct (Constantinou, 1974;Constantinou & Yamaguchi, 1981;Harada et al, 1984;Kim et al, 2002). In such cases, urine passage is passive, which does not use peristaltic movement of ureteric wall, so urine is driven entirely by hydrostatic pressure gradient from the areas of high pressure to those of low pressure.…”