Evaluation of the Microsphere Method for Determination of Cardiac Output and Flow Distribution in the Rat

Idvall, J.; Aronsen, K. F.; Nilsson, L.; Nosslin, B

doi:10.1159/000128092

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The ECG was monitored during injection of microsphere boluses to exclude untoward effects, and HR was noted every 5 min during infusions. CO and selected organ and tissue flows were determined using standard methods and a reference organ withdrawal rate of 0.62 ml X min-1 -for details see Idvall et al [14], Carbonized microspheres labelled with 85Sr and Mice were given as injected boluses and isotope activ ity measured with a double-channel gamma well scin tillation counter (Selectronic, model 54-22). The whole or part of the following organs were examined: stomach, duodenum, small intestine, cecum, colon, pancreas, spleen, liver, testes, anterior abdominal wall skin and skeletal muscle (from the uncatheterized thigh region).…”

Section: Determinations and Presentation O F Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CVPs were also registered simultaneously using this catheter. A PE 50 catheter was established in the right superficial femoral artery and used to record BP (groups A and B) and connected to a constant withdrawal pump (Sage 351) as the reference organ in group C. In this latter group, the right carotid artery was catheterized, PE 50, and used to inject microsphere boluses -for details see Id vail et al [14] -as well as to record BP. A soft silicon catheter (OD 0.63 mm) was used to cannulate both the left main thoracic lymph duct in group A -for details see Saldeen and Linder [25], and the portal vein via its gastroduodenal branch in group B.…”

Section: Experimental Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular and Lymph Flow Changes Caused by Physiological Hyperosmolar Provocation in Unanesthetized Rats

Quiros¹,

Ware²

1984

Eur Surg Res

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Cardiovascular and thoracic duct lymph (TDL) flow alterations were investigated in non-starved rats, lightly sedated with neuroleptanalgesia, before and after osmolar loading. 0.29-, 1.0- and 2.0-M xylose solutions were infused at the rate of 4 ml × h^–1 for 20 min. Neither control animals receiving 0.29-M infusions (iso-osmolar) nor those which received 1- and 2-M infusions showed any detectable changes in cardiac output, heart rate, total peripheral resistance or any organ and tissue flow. On the other hand, TDL flow increased during the hyperosmolar infusions, giving a high degree of correlation with infusion time (r = 0.88 and 0.94, for 1- and 2-M infusions, respectively). These results indicate that hyperosmolar loading has only fluid physiological effects under normotensive conditions.

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Section: Determinations and Presentation O F Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular and Lymph Flow Changes Caused by Physiological Hyperosmolar Provocation in Unanesthetized Rats

Quiros¹,

Ware²

1984

Eur Surg Res

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“…In the first series, we demonstrated that there was no significant difference in sphere densities between the right and the left hind limb, indicating adequate blood mixing. In a recent study, 450,00015-~m microspheres were injected in 291 g rats corresponding to 1,546 spheres/g rat [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this investigation we have studied collateral capacity after occlusion of one main lower limb artery. To quantitate maximum vascular conductance, microsphere distribution in the lower limb muscles after microsphere injections into the aortic root was determined in the hyperemic phase after 5 min of ischemia [4,6,7]. Ischemia was produced by inflating a cuff around the rat pelvis for 5 min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral arterial capacity following acute iliac occlusion in the rat

1983

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The development of collateral circulation after ligation of the left iliac artery was studied in 46 rats by means of microsphere distribution in muscles of both lower limbs. The radioactive microspheres were injected into the aortic root in the hyperemic phase after 5 min of cuff-induced ischemia of the lower extremities. The hyperemic response to cuff-induced ischemia as well as microsphere distribution between both lower limbs in control animals were studied separately in 23 rats. The largest hyperemic response occurred 15-30 s after cuff-induced ischemia. After iliac artery ligation, flow in the thigh increased from 43% of control value 20 min after ligation to 70% after 26 days of recovery. Flow in calf muscles increased correspondingly from 4% to 33%. This study quantifies the capacity of collateral formation following acute iliac artery occlusion.

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“…Previous work has shown that in small animals such injection results in good mixing of the microspheres in the arterial blood allowing determination of regional blood fl ow [40] . Although the catheter through which the microspheres were injected necessitated ligation of the right common carotid artery, we found no difference in blood fl ow between the right and left cerebral hemispheres either during normoxia or during hypoxia.…”

Section: Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Body Warming on Regional Blood Flow Distribution in Conscious Hypoxic One-Month-Old Rabbits

Seifert

Anna²,

Rohlicek

2006

Neonatology

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Background: Previous experiments have shown that warming hypoxic infants reduces total peripheral vascular resistance. This suggests that the usual vasoconstriction of less essential vascular beds during hypoxia may be reduced and that the normal redistribution of blood flow to more vital organs may be compromised. Objective:Evaluate the effect of body warming during hypoxia on the distribution of blood flow. Methods: The fluorescent microsphere technique was used to compare regional blood flow in 1-month-old rabbits during systemic hypoxia (10% inspired O₂) with (n = 9) and without (n = 10) body warming. Blood flow was measured in brain, stomach, small intestine, hindlimb muscle, skin, and kidneys. Arterial blood pressure, whole-body O₂ consumption, arterial blood O₂ saturation and blood gases were also measured. Measurements and Main Results: In hypoxia all animals decreased body temperature (–2°C). With hypoxia blood flow increased to brain and hindlimb muscle; decreased to stomach, small intestine, and kidneys, and was unchanged in skin. The increase in brain-blood flow maintained O₂ delivery at normoxic levels. Rewarming to the normoxic body temperature significantly changed blood flow in hypoxia. Brain blood flow increased by 102 ± 30% (mean ± SEM) thereby increasing O₂ delivery by 50 ± 23% above normoxic values. Blood flow also increased to skin, stomach, and small intestine. However, O₂ delivery to these tissues remained below normoxic levels. Conclusions: Warming during hypoxia may impose an additional cardiovascular demand. The changes in the pattern of blood flow distribution with mild warming during hypoxia support the hypothesis that warming represents a significant heat stress.

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Evaluation of the Microsphere Method for Determination of Cardiac Output and Flow Distribution in the Rat

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Cardiovascular and Lymph Flow Changes Caused by Physiological Hyperosmolar Provocation in Unanesthetized Rats

Cardiovascular and Lymph Flow Changes Caused by Physiological Hyperosmolar Provocation in Unanesthetized Rats

Collateral arterial capacity following acute iliac occlusion in the rat

Effect of Body Warming on Regional Blood Flow Distribution in Conscious Hypoxic One-Month-Old Rabbits

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