Evaluation of the intensity of gingival melanin pigmentation at different age groups in the Indian population: An observational study

Introduction This study evaluated the reproducibility of electronic color determination system evaluations of the marginal gingiva, which could be important for adhesive cervical fillings or prosthetic restorations that imitate the gingiva. Material and methods In 50 subjects, the L*, a*, and b* color coordinates were evaluated five times at a point in the marginal area of a central incisor using different electronic color determination systems: (SP) Shadepilot, (ES) Easyshade, (CE) Crystaleye, and (SV) X-Rite. The mean color difference (ΔE) and its standard deviation between the five measurements from each participant were calculated separately for each device. Further ICC for interdevice reliability was determined. Results The L*, a*, and b* color coordinates and ΔE values differed significantly among the systems (p < 0.001). Within each patient and measurement system, ΔE ranged from 1.4 to 3.2 (SD 1.1–2.5), L* from 2.6 to 5.7 (SD 2.6–5.7), a* from 11.9 to 21.3 (SD 3.6–3.9), and b* from 15.1 to 28.9 (SD 1.7–4.3). Interdevice reliability ranged between 0.675 and 0.807. Conclusions Color determination of the marginal gingiva using the electronic tooth color determination systems tested herein showed limited reproducibility. The results obtained with the different measurement systems differed enormously. Clinical relevance These results show that the electronic color measurement devices tested allow no high reproducible determination of color coordinates of the marginal gingiva.

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The reproducibility of electronic color measurements of the marginal gingiva

Staedt

Mally

Scheller

et al. 2020

Clin Oral Invest

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Explaining the colour of natural healthy gingiva

Gómez-Polo,

Montero,

Martín Casado

2024

Odontology

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To examine the differences between natural gingival colour in men and women. To determine the degree of predictability of changes in the gingival colour coordinates recorded for healthy gingiva, according to age, long-term medication, frequency of toothbrushing, and smoking habits. The CIELAB colour coordinates were recorded using a spectrophotometer for 360 Caucasian adult participants (aged 18–92 years), in three zones of the healthy attached gingiva of the maxillary central incisor. Regression models were created for each zone and each sex, taking the L*, a* and b* coordinates as dependent variables and age, frequency of toothbrushing, smoking habits (0—non-smoker; 1—smoker) and whether participants were taking long-term medication (0—no; 1—yes) as independent variables. The statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS version 26.0, using multiple regression models. Statistically significant differences between men and women were found only for colour coordinate b*, in all three zones. The only colour coordinate on which the predictor variables had a significant effect was the L* coordinate. In men, age and long-term medication had the greatest effect as predictors (maximum R2 = 0.149). In women, frequency of toothbrushing was the strongest predictor in the predictive models (maximum R2 = 0.099). The colour of gingiva in men contained a larger amount of blue, given that significantly lower values for colour coordinate b* were recorded in men than women, although this difference lacked clinical implications. For both sexes, the regression models produced had a modest predictive capacity. The L* coordinate was the dependent variable that showed the greatest predictability.

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Fifteen ceramic gingival samples: A proposed gingival shade guide

Polo

Casado

Montero

2023

Journal of Dentistry

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Evaluation of the intensity of gingival melanin pigmentation at different age groups in the Indian population: An observational study

Cited by 9 publications

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The reproducibility of electronic color measurements of the marginal gingiva

The reproducibility of electronic color measurements of the marginal gingiva

Explaining the colour of natural healthy gingiva

Fifteen ceramic gingival samples: A proposed gingival shade guide

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