Evaluation of the Influence of Herbicides and Fertilizer on Pollution and Yield of Soybean

Abstract

The article summarizes the results of a three-year study on the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of herbicides of soil and insurance action and microfertilizer Quantum - Molybdenum Chelate on the infestation and yield of soybeans. It was established that in the agrophytocenosis of soybean, a mixed type of infestation was formed, in which dicotyledonous young weeds predominated. Weed control efficiency was 75.5% 60 days after application of Frontier Optima. Spraying crops with the insurance herbicide Korum (1.5 l / ha + surfactant Metholate 1.0 l / ha) reduced the number of weeds in soybean crops by 89.5%. Consistent application of the soil herbicide Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and the insurance herbicide Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) made it possible to destroy up to 98.9% of weeds compared to the control variant, where there was a natural background of clogging. The combination of the use of the above herbicides with the concentrated molybdenum microfertilizer Quantum-Chelate Molybdenum provided the best conditions for the growth and development of soybean plants. The amount of undesirable vegetation did not change in the areas where the microfertilizer was applied. But the air-dry mass of weeds was lower by 17.1-32.4%. The average soybean yield for three years of research on the variants where herbicides were applied compared to the control was significantly higher. When crops were sprayed with Frontier Optima herbicide (1.0 l/ha), it was 2.26 t/ha, and with Korum herbicide (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) - 2.75 t/ha . With the sequential application of Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha), the soybean yield was the highest and amounted to 2.94 t/ha.The highest content of proteins and oil was in the variant of sequential application of herbicides Frontier Optima (1.0 l/ha) and Corum (1.5 l/ha + surfactant Metolate 1.0 l/ha) - respectively 33.3% and 22.5 %. As a result of the treatment of crops on a herbicidal background with microfertilizer Quantum - Molybdenum Chelate, an increase in the weight of 1000 seeds by 2 g and the content of proteins and oil by 0.6% was noted.