Evaluation of the impact of critical quality attributes and critical process parameters on quality and stability of parenteral nutrition nanoemulsions

Investigation of short-term stability of parenteral nutrition nanoemulsions prepared under laboratory conditions

“…Since these nanoemulsions contained a lower concentration of surfactants ie., that the only egg phospholipids were used for their production, it can be concluded that these facors had the greatest effect on the droplet volume diameters. Data presented in Table 4 also shows that the increase in the surfactant concentration significantly reduced the droplet size, what is in accordance with theoretical settings [22][23][24] , as well as with the results obtained in our previous research 13 . According to the named after Derjagmin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeek (DLVO) theory, a surfactant forms a film around the emulsion droplet, and, with increasing the potential energy for repulsing droplets, provides its protection.…”

“…The distribution of droplet sizes represented the droplet volume diameter in all of the tested samples was relatively uniform, and the measured values were higher compared to the values obtained by the light scattering method 13 . The reason for that is that LD method gives the volume-based droplet size distribution, while the light scattering measurement is based on the intensity of light.…”

“…The signs b 0 to b 4 represent regression coefficients that demonstrate the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable; thereby b 0 is the intercept and b 1 , b 2 , b 3 and b 4 are the linear coefficients of the respective independent variables. On the other hand, b 12 , b 13 and b 14 are regression coefficients that demonstrate the interaction between corresponding variables associated with respective model factor interactions (…”

“…In order to detect the possible presence of larger droplets or agglomerates of droplets, the aim of this study was to assess, from the droplet size distribution aspect, the quality of produced nanoemulsions. During the experiment preparation stage and the result processing stage, the method of the 2 4-1 fractional factorial design was used, and the results were compared with the results for droplet sizes of one of industrial nanoemulsions 13 .…”