Evaluation of the immunological effect of beta alanyl-l-histidine against Schistosoma mansoni antigens in rabbits

Abstract

Introduction: The influence of vaccination on healthy (non-infected) rabbits treated with Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens, cercariae, and worms as prophylactic agents against infection, and the benefit of beta alanyl-l-histidine treatment against Schistosoma mansoni infection were investigated. Methodology: This study involved individual injection of three Schistosoma mansoni antigens: soluble egg antigen (SEA), cercarial antigen preparation (CAP) and soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP), in three rabbit groups, respectively. Three other groups each received the same specific antigen in conjunction with the administration of (beta alanyl-l-histidine) L-carnosine. Hepatic total protein, glycogen and glycogen phosphorylase, total serum protein and one diminution electrophoresis of protein fractions (180 KDa; 116 KDa; 97, 4 KDa, serum albumin 66 KDa; 48. 5 KDa; 29 KDa; 18.400 KDa; 14.200 KDa; 6.5 KDa) were measured in all the rabbit groups. Results: Elevation in most parameters was observed in the immunized groups. Carnosine treatment of rabbit groups immunized with SEA, CAP and SWAP in comparison to the non-carnosine-treated immunized groups resulted in amelioration of serum protein fractions in all SEA and SWAP-immunized animals, and reduction in glycogen phosphorylase b in SWAP animals alone. In addition, changes in glycogen content were observed in the CAP-immunized group. Conclusion: L-carnosine has a beneficial effect in the amelioration of most biochemical parameters as a result of S. mansoni antigen immunization.

Efficacy of L-carnosine against Schistosoma mansoni antigens in liver, heart, kidney and brain of rabbits

“…However, to potentiate the SEA vaccine action against schistosomiasis, combined administration of SEA in conjunction with 28 kDa glutathione-Stransferase antigens in infected animals was suggested (Lebens et al, 2003). Nevertheless, the above-mentioned conservation of hepatic glycogen and phosphorylase by carnosine combating the high antigen doses could be ascribed to its well-documented antioxidant action (Soliman et al, 2006;Ali, 2012). This apparently contradicts its decreasing effect on the tested serum parameters, which could be ascribed to a pro-oxidant effect.…”

Role of Natural Antioxidants in the Modulation of Plasma Amino Acid Pattern in Rats Exposed to Hemic Hypoxia

“…Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide of the amino acids, beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues, It can chelate divalent metal ions, scavenges (ROS) as well as unsaturated aldehydes formed from the peroxidation of cell membrane fatty acids during oxidative stress (Ali 2012). It has been reported that carnosine inhibits mRNA expression of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and caspase-3, increases superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreases malondialdehyde (MDA) level when given to mice (Flock et al 1951).…”

Potential Antifibrotic and Angiostatic Impact of Idebenone, Carnosine and Vitamin E in Nano-Sized Titanium Dioxide-Induced Liver Injury

“…Carnosine (b-alanyl-L-histidine) is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. It is a potent and selective scavenger of unsaturated aldehydes [11]. Likewise, vitamin E is a chain-breaking antioxidant, which prevents the propagation of oxidative stress in biological membranes [12,13], inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis, abolishes inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and suppresses TGF-α [14].…”