Evaluation of the Iatrogenic Sciatic Nerve Injury following Double Pelvic Osteotomy Performed with Piezoelectric Cutting Tool in Dogs

Abstract

(1) Background: The double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) is a prophylactic surgical procedure associated with 0.4% incidence of sciatic nerve injury. The piezoelectric cutting tool is a surgical device able to involve only mineralized tissue avoiding neurovascular tissue and other soft tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the sciatic nerve injury observed in dogs underwent iliac osteotomy performed using the piezoelectric cutting tool. (2) Methods: Dogs underwent DPO performed with piezoelectric cutting tool were included. Neurological assessment was performed 6 and 24 h after surgery and then repeated 12 days, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Temporary and or permanent sciatic nerve injury were recorded. (3) Results: 84 DPOs performed in fifty dogs were included. No temporary/permanent neurological disease associated with iatrogenic damage of the sciatic nerve were observed. (4) Conclusions: The iliac osteotomy performed with piezoelectric cutting tool was not associated to iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury.

Traumatic and iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury in 38 dogs and 10 cats: Clinical and electrodiagnostic findings

“…The second most common cause was complications from surgery for pelvic or femoral fractures and other orthopedic surgery of the pelvis, femur, and femoro‐tibial joint, similar to previous reports 1,2 . Sciatic nerve injury as a complication of total hip replacement, double pelvic osteotomy, and stabilization of femoral fractures has been reported 30‐33 . In general, the risk of SNI is considered to be higher in femoral and pelvic fracture surgery because of the limited visibility of the sciatic nerve as a consequence of its deep location 2 .…”

“…1,2 Sciatic nerve injury as a complication of total hip replacement, double pelvic osteotomy, and stabilization of femoral fractures has been reported. [30][31][32][33] In general, the risk of SNI is considered to be higher in femoral and pelvic fracture surgery because of the limited visibility of the sciatic nerve as a consequence of its deep location. 2 Hence, an accurate neurological evaluation always should be performed before surgery for pelvic and femoral fractures.…”

Epineural Neurorrhaphy of a Large Nerve Defect Due to IatroGenic Sciatic Nerve Injury in a Maltese Dog

“…Sciatic nerve injury usually develops secondary to a pelvic or femoral fracture, hip dysplasia [ 1 , 2 ] or iatrogenically during the repair of these fractures [ 3 ]. The proximal portion of the sciatic nerve is located deep near the bone and covered by deep and middle gluteal muscles, and the distal portion of the sciatic nerve is covered by biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles.…”