Evaluation of the Growth-Inhibitory Spectrum of Three Types of Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles on Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Abstract

The development of novel effective antibacterial agents is crucial due to increasing antibiotic resistance in various bacteria. Poly (alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (PACA-NPs) are promising novel antibacterial agents as they have shown antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, the antibacterial mechanism remains unclear. Here, we compared the antibacterial efficacy of ethyl cyanoacrylate nanoparticles (ECA-NPs), isobutyl cyanoacrylate NPs (iBCA-NPs), and ethoxyethyl cyanoacrylate NPs (EECA-NPs) using five Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria. Among these resin nanoparticles, ECA-NPs showed the highest growth inhibitory effect against all the examined bacterial species, and this effect was higher against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative. While iBCA-NP could inhibit the cell growth only in two Gram-positive bacteria, i.e., Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, it had negligible inhibitory effect against all five Gram-negative bacteria examined. Irrespective of the differences in growth inhibition induced by these three NPs, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a well-known reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, efficiently restored growth in all the bacterial strains to that similar to untreated cells. This strongly suggests that the exposure to NPs generates ROS, which mainly induces cell growth inhibition irrespective of the difference in bacterial species and cyanoacrylate NPs used.

One-step antibacterial modification of polypropylene non-woven fabricsviaoxidation using photo-activated chlorine dioxide radicals

“…In recent years, antibacterial nanoparticles with various surface potential values have been reported. 20,21,35 In particular, Sarian et al reported negatively charged cyanoacrylate nanoparticles (20-250 nm) that show a growth inhibitory effect against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. 20 The authors considered that the antibacterial activity was derived from disruption of the bacterial membrane and the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via physical interactions.…”

“…Recently, antimicrobial peptides, 13,14 cationic compounds, 15-17 metal nanoparticles, 18,19 and polymer nanoparticles [20][21][22] have received considerable attention because of their broad-spectrum activities. They absorb on the membranes of bacterial cell and induce leakage of the cell contents.…”

One-step antibacterial modification of polypropylene nonwoven fabrics via oxidation using photo-activated chlorine dioxide radicals

“…Sarian et al reported negatively charged cyanoacrylate nanoparticles (20-250 nm) showing a growth-inhibitory effect against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterias. 15 The authors considered that the antibacterial activity was derived from the disruption of bacteria membrane and subsequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. 15 The cyanoacrylate nanoparticles also induce the disorder of cell walls and inhibit the growth in green microalga, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 31,32 and several non-green algae 32 .…”

“…15 The authors considered that the antibacterial activity was derived from the disruption of bacteria membrane and subsequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. 15 The cyanoacrylate nanoparticles also induce the disorder of cell walls and inhibit the growth in green microalga, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 31,32 and several non-green algae 32 . Here, we considered the formation of nanoparticles during oxidation with photo-activated ClO2 • as a factor governing antibacterial activity.…”

“…Recently, antimicrobial peptides 9,10 and cationic compounds, 11,12 metal nanoparticles, 13,14 and polymer nanoparticles, 15,16 have received considerable attention because of their broadspectrum activities. They absorb on the bacterial cell membranes and induce the leakage of cell contents.…”