Evaluation of the Golden Ratio in Nasal Conchae for Surgical Anatomy

Abstract

Purpose: The golden ratio is reached by the fractal model of the number sequence which is known as the “Fibonacci series” and has a convergent ratio of approximately 1.618 between 2 consecutive Fibonacci numbers. Golden ratio relationships have been shown in several plants in the nature and several organs and structures in the human body. The conchae, which form an important part of the nasal valve, have a special geometric significant in terms of providing turbulence to the laminar airflow that passes to the nasal cavity. Methods: This study made golden ratio calculations on 34 adults aged 20 to 45 years over computed tomography (CT) images. Totally, 34 volunteers (male, n = 18 and female, n = 16) with no nasal pathologies participated in the study. Using Adobe Photoshop, golden ratio calculations were made by applying the Fibonacci spiral on the images that best showed the conchae and meatuses on the CT images. Results: The intersection points of the spiral that was projected on the inferior and middle nasal concha were determined as S0, S1, S2, S3, and S4. The distances of S0-S1, S1-S2, S2-S3, and S3-S4 were measured. The concha measurements of the women showed significantly similar values to the golden ratio constant of ∼1.618 in the RS3/S4 and LS3/S4 measurements. Conclusion: We found that the S3/S4 region that captured the golden ratio in our study corresponds to the base part of the inferior nasal concha, and its place of spiraling in the nasal cavity is observed to have an important role in creating vortices.

The Golden Ratio in Pediatric Wrist Anatomy: A Divine Symmetry

“…The golden ratio φ is a proportion that has been found with many natural phenomena, as well as in different fields in medicine: cardiovascular pathophysiology [7][8][9], respiratory medicine [10], ENT surgery [11], dental surgery [12][13], plastic surgery [14][15][16], and many other fields [17][18]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the geometry of the wrist joint in relation to the golden ratio.…”

Is the penile golden ratio an indicator of normal sperm count and normal hormonal status? A prospective-observational study

“…The Fibonacci sequence and the φ-value are the most aesthetically pleasing indicators commonly used in art and natural sciences, and their relationship with the human anatomy and biological structures has become a growing concern [15]. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the relationship between the golden ratio and the penis, a urological…”

“…To date, there have been numerous studies investigating examples of the golden ratio in various biological systems in the human body [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Among these, Petekkaya et al evaluated the relationship between the anatomy of nasal concha and the golden ratio [15].…”

“…To date, there have been numerous studies investigating examples of the golden ratio in various biological systems in the human body [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Among these, Petekkaya et al evaluated the relationship between the anatomy of nasal concha and the golden ratio [15]. Additionally, a recent systematic review investigated the association between the golden ratio and the cardiovascular system by measuring some electrocardiographic distances and wavelengths as well as the vertical-to-transverse diameters ratio and some arterial blood pressure ratios.…”

Beauty in the Eyes of Machine: A Novel Intelligent Signal Processing-Based Approach to Explain the Brain Cognition and Perception of Beauty Using Uncertainty-Based Machine Voting

“…Many have considered the golden ratio, commonly referred to as the divine proportion, to be the solution to the phenomenon of aesthetics; regularity; alignment; and human physiology, psychology, and beauty [14][15][16]. The golden ratio has been also used in surgical anatomy [17], dental and maxillofacial surgery [18,19], and in cosmetic surgery as a paradigm to measure aesthetics in both soft tissue or hard tissue (cephalometric) levels [20,21]. However, is the face that perfectly matches the golden ratio considered to be beautiful, and who decides whether the face is beautiful or not?…”