Evaluation of the Feasibility of Three Custom-made Tetrapolar Probes for Electrical Characterization of Cardiac Tissue

Benchakroun, Hamza; O’Loughlin, Declan; Ištuk, Niko; O’Halloran, Martin; Gioia, Alessandra La

doi:10.23919/eucap51087.2021.9410978

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The voltage is measured between the inner electrodes, and the current is injected using the outer electrodes. This collinear configuration is commonly used in the literature [ 9 , 10 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. The inner measuring electrodes are in the region of maximum current density, resulting in high probe sensitivity [ 9 , 10 , 51 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This collinear configuration is commonly used in the literature [ 9 , 10 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. The inner measuring electrodes are in the region of maximum current density, resulting in high probe sensitivity [ 9 , 10 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Due to the limitations of the measuring area in the LAA, a small probe footprint was desired, which is mainly determined by the electrode size and the electrode spacing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrical properties of biological tissues have been of interest since 1894 and have been widely studied in the literature [ 1 , 2 ]. The electrical properties of biological tissue have been studied for several human organs [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] and have been used to develop many therapeutic and diagnostic technologies [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tetrapolar probes used for the 4-electrode method can be designed in many ways depending primarily upon the geometry and spacing of the electrodes, the type of the electrodes (planar electrodes, needle electrodes, pin electrodes), and the electrode material [ 9 , 10 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. In the literature, the 4-electrode method is commonly used, and conductivity values in the frequency range below 100 kHz are commonly acquired using the 4-electrode method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Probe Contact Force Monitoring during Conductivity Measurements of the Left Atrial Appendage to Support the Design of Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures

Benchakroun

Ištuk

Dunne

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The electrical properties of many biological tissues are freely available from the INRC and the IT’IS databases. However, particularly in lower frequency ranges, few studies have investigated the optimal measurement protocol or the key confounders that need to be controlled, monitored, and reported. However, preliminary work suggests that the contact force of the measurement probe on the tissue sample can affect the measurements. The aim of this paper is to investigate the conductivity change due to the probe contact force in detail. Twenty ex vivo bovine heart samples are used, and conductivity measurements are taken in the Left Atrial Appendage, a common target for medical device developments. The conductivity measurements reported in this work (between 0.14 S/m and 0.24 S/m) align with the literature. The average conductivity is observed to change by −21% as the contact force increases from 2 N to 10 N. In contrast, in conditions where the fluid concentration in the measurement area is expected to be lower, very small changes are observed (less than 2.5%). These results suggest that the LAA conductivity is affected by the contact force due to the fluid concentration in the tissue. This work suggests that contact force should be controlled for in all future experiments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Probe Contact Force Monitoring during Conductivity Measurements of the Left Atrial Appendage to Support the Design of Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures

Benchakroun

Ištuk

Dunne

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…This frequency range is examined in this work, as electrical currents below 100 kHz typically flow in the extracellular spaces: the charges do not penetrate the cell membrane but flow around the cells. By contrast, higher frequency current, above 100 kHz, [18], [19], [25]. Based on the results of the accuracy and repeatability study, the most accurate probe from the proposed probes with the best repeatability is proposed to be used to characterize the LAA conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Tetrapolar Probe for Electrical Characterization of the Left Atrial Appendage From 0.1 Hz to 100 kHz

Benchakroun

Ištuk

Dunne³

et al. 2023

IEEE Sensors J.

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Recently, non-thermal pulsed-fieldablation using electroporation has generated a lot of interest as a potential treatment for Atrial Fibrillation. The electrical properties, and specially the conductivity of cardiac tissues, are used in the in treatment planning of non-thermal pulsed field ablation. However, there is no standard approach to measure the conductivity, particularly for the left atrial appendage (LAA). Electrical conductivity characterization studies, focusing on cardiac tissues, have used different probe typologies with different electrodes sizes. Furthermore, no study has investigated the effect of the probe design on the acquired conductivity. In this study, common leading probe typologies with different electrode size are compared in terms of accuracy and measurement repeatability. Using liquid phantoms, differences in term of measurement accuracy and repeatability are observed between the probe designs which suggests that the measurement probe design influences the data acquisition quality.Based on these results, a custom probe design is proposed suitable for the characterization of the conductivity of the LAA. The probe is tested using ten ex vivo bovine tissue samples between 0.1 Hz and 100 kHz. The mean conductivity of the LAA acquired from the ten samples is 2.5 mS/cm with a standard deviation of 0.24 mS/cm which is in line with conductivity of cardiac tissues in the literature. The conductivity values of the left atrial appendage may be useful in electroporation treatment planning, furthermore this study suggests that adapting the probe design to the tissue under study can be important.

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Feasibility Study of Plaque Detection using Electrical Impedance Techniques

Burke¹,

Polak-Kraśna

Benchakroun

et al. 2022

2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

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Evaluation of the Feasibility of Three Custom-made Tetrapolar Probes for Electrical Characterization of Cardiac Tissue

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Probe Contact Force Monitoring during Conductivity Measurements of the Left Atrial Appendage to Support the Design of Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures

Probe Contact Force Monitoring during Conductivity Measurements of the Left Atrial Appendage to Support the Design of Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures

Design of a Tetrapolar Probe for Electrical Characterization of the Left Atrial Appendage From 0.1 Hz to 100 kHz

Feasibility Study of Plaque Detection using Electrical Impedance Techniques

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