Evaluation of the Equity and Regional Management of Some Urban Green Space Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Main Urban Area of Xi’an City

Abstract

Urban green spaces can provide many types of ecosystem services for residents. An imbalance in the pattern of green spaces leads to an inequality of the benefits of such spaces. Given the current situation of environmental problems and the basic geographical conditions of Xi’an City, this study evaluated and mapped four kinds of ecosystem services from the perspective of equity: biodiversity, carbon sequestration, air purification, and climate regulation. Regionalization with dynamically constrained agglomerative clustering and partitioning (REDCAP) was used to obtain the partition groups of ecosystem services. The results indicate that first, the complexity of the urban green space community is low, and the level of biodiversity needs to be improved. The dry deposition flux of particulate matter (PM2.5) decreases from north to south, and green spaces enhance the adsorption of PM2.5. Carbon sequestration in the south and east is higher than that in the north and west, respectively. The average surface temperature in green spaces is lower than that in other urban areas. Second, urban green space resources in the study area are unevenly distributed. Therefore, ecosystem services in different areas are inequitable. Finally, based on the regionalization of integrated ecosystem services, an ecosystem services cluster was developed. This included 913 grid spaces, 12 partitions, and 5 clusters, which can provide a reference for distinct levels of ecosystem services management. This can assist urban managers who can use these indicators of ecosystem service levels for planning and guiding the overall development pattern of green spaces. The benefits would be a maximization of the ecological functions of green spaces, an improvement of the sustainable development of the city, and an improvement of people’s well-being.

A spatially explicit framework for assessing ecosystem service supply risk under multiple land‐use scenarios in the Xi'an Metropolitan Area of China

“…During the study period, rapid urban spatial expansion encroached on a large amount of ecological land in the central plains of XMA, including cropland, as well as forest and grassland, exacerbating the degradation of ESs (Puplampu & Boafo, 2021;Tao et al, 2020), especially in Xi'an (Figure 3A,B). The high degree of urbanization and drastic expansion of man-made landscapes has led to a shortage of ES supply in most of Xi'an, except for the northern part of the Qinling Mountains (Figure A1), which is consistent with previous studies (Dang et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2021). Meanwhile, areas of cropland, forest land, and grassland were affected by the increasing demand of the growing population, the project of returning cropland to forest and grassland, and the ecological fallow policy of Western development strategy.…”

Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Urban Green Space Pattern Based on GIS Sensors and Remote Sensing Information: Taking Xi’an as an Example

“…In formula (2), k is the number of training samples: X is N-dimensional space, X ∈ RN; y is a class label, and y ∈ f− 1,+1g. If there is a vector W perpendicular to the linear hyperplane (determining the direction of the discrimination plane) and a scalar b showing the offset of the discrimination hyperplane from the origin, these classes are considered to be linearly separable.…”

“…It has important ecological auxiliary function for urban development and progress. It is an important indicator of urban ecological civilization construction and plays an important role in regulating urban ecological environment [2].…”

Research on the Innovation of Institutional Mechanisms for Urban-Rural Integration Development in Henan Province in the Context of New Urbanization

“…Dang, H. et al discussed the influence of urban green space on urban ecosystems in the process of urbanization, and the imbalance in the distribution of green ecological space will make the residents unable to get a more livable ecological environment. After analyzing the environmental status and geographic conditions of Xi'an City, it was shown that urbanization needs to reduce the destruction of urban green space communities and improve biodiversity [20]. Pamucar, D. et al analyzed the reciprocity between urban planning and urban context in the process of urbanization, using 17 United Nations member states as examples.…”