“…To assess the crystalline phases of the PVDF scaffolds, we performed FT-IR analysis. FT-IR spectra of PVDF powder (a raw material), and the A type and B type of PVDF scaffolds revealed characteristic bands located at 614, 763, 796, 874, 975, and 1072 cm −1 , and at 840, 1174, and 1276 cm −1 , which correspond to the α-phase and β-phase, respectively ( Figure S1; Medeiros et al, 2018). As expected, the spectrum of PVDF powder showed notable bands at 614, 763, 796, and 975 cm −1 , indicative of a dominant α-phase content.…”