Evaluation of the efficacy of cow colostrum in the treatment and its effect on serum proteomes in calves with cryptosporidiosis

Kaçar, Yiğit; Baykal, Ahmet; Aydın, Levent; Batmaz, Hasan

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110429

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Colostrum has been proposed as therapeutic for unspecific diarrheas in pre-weaned calves (Carter et al, 2022), and colostrum administered with paromomycin in calves naturally infected with C. parvum impacted serum proteomes while r e d u c i n g d i a r r h e a an d p a t h o g e n s h e d d i n g i n f e c e s Gamsjäger et al 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1165312 Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology frontiersin.org (Kacar et al, 2022). Our study deems that a prolonged colostrum supplementation instead of milk replacer, the usual diet for young calves in dairy production, did not categorically relieve diarrhea during the onset of cryptosporidiosis but did alleviate the concomitant fever and depression to some extent and was associated with lesser required OES treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host innate immune responses and microbiome profile of neonatal calves challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum and the effect of bovine colostrum supplementation

Gamsjäger

Cirone

Schluessel

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionCalves are highly susceptible to gastrointestinal infection with Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum), which can result in watery diarrhea and eventually death or impaired development. With little to no effective therapeutics, understanding the host’s microbiota and pathogen interaction at the mucosal immune system has been critical to identify and test novel control strategies.MethodsHerein, we used an experimental model of C. parvum challenge in neonatal calves to describe the clinical signs and histological and proteomic profiling of the mucosal innate immunity and microbiota shifts by metagenomics in the ileum and colon during cryptosporidiosis. Also, we investigated the impact of supplemental colostrum feeding on C. parvum infection.ResultsWe showed that C. parvum challenged calves experienced clinical signs including pyrexia and diarrhea 5 days post challenge. These calves showed ulcerative neutrophil ileitis with a proteomic signature driven by inflammatory effectors, including reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidases. Colitis was also noticed with an aggravated mucin barrier depletion and incompletely filled goblet cells. The C. parvum challenged calves also displayed a pronounced dysbiosis with a high prevalence of Clostridium species (spp.) and number of exotoxins, adherence factors, and secretion systems related to Clostridium spp. and other enteropathogens, including Campylobacter spp., Escherichia sp., Shigella spp., and Listeria spp. Daily supplementation with a high-quality bovine colostrum product mitigated some of the clinical signs and modulated the gut immune response and concomitant microbiota to a pattern more similar to that of healthy unchallenged calves.DiscussionC. parvum infection in neonatal calves provoked severe diarrheic neutrophilic enterocolitis, perhaps augmented due to the lack of fully developed innate gut defenses. Colostrum supplementation showed limited effect mitigating diarrhea but demonstrated some clinical alleviation and specific modulatory influence on host gut immune responses and concomitant microbiota.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host innate immune responses and microbiome profile of neonatal calves challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum and the effect of bovine colostrum supplementation

Gamsjäger

Cirone

Schluessel

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Passive immunotherapy using bovine colostrum or bovine serum concentrate containing specific antibodies to Cryptosporidium provided only partial protection against cryptosporidiosis by reducing duration of diarrhea and oocyst shedding in experimentally infected calves ( Fayer et al., 1989 ; Slacek et al., 1996 ; Hunt et al., 2002 ). However, much better protection from Cryptosporidium infection was noted in some studies after prophylactic oral administration of bovine/ovine colostrum comprising of anti-cryptosporidial antibodies in infected calves and lambs ( Naciri et al., 1994 ; Perryman et al., 1999 ; Askari et al., 2016 ; Kacar et al., 2022 ). Moreover, therapeutic administration of hyperimmune colostrum-immunoglobulin in experimentally infected gnotobiotic piglets reduced oocyst shedding but had little-to-no effect on diarrhea and intestinal mucosal damage caused by the parasite ( Tzipori et al., 1994 ).…”

Section: Treatment Options In Humans and Animals: The Past And Curren...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Past, current, and potential treatments for cryptosporidiosis in humans and farm animals: A comprehensive review

Khan

Witola

2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intracellular protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptosporidium is among the leading causes of waterborne diarrheal disease outbreaks throughout the world. The parasite is transmitted by ingestion of infective oocysts that are highly stable in the environment and resistant to almost all conventional disinfection methods and water treatments. Control of the parasite infection is exceedingly difficult due to the excretion of large numbers of oocysts in the feces of infected individuals that contaminate the environment and serve as a source of infection for susceptible hosts including humans and animals. Drug development against the parasite is challenging owing to its limited genetic tractability, absence of conventional drug targets, unique intracellular location within the host, and the paucity of robust cell culture platforms for continuous parasite propagation. Despite the high prevalence of the parasite, the only US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment of Cryptosporidium infections is nitazoxanide, which has shown moderate efficacy in immunocompetent patients. More importantly, no effective therapeutic drugs are available for treating severe, potentially life-threatening cryptosporidiosis in immunodeficient patients, young children, and neonatal livestock. Thus, safe, inexpensive, and efficacious drugs are urgently required to reduce the ever-increasing global cryptosporidiosis burden especially in low-resource countries. Several compounds have been tested for both in vitro and in vivo efficacy against the disease. However, to date, only a few experimental compounds have been subjected to clinical trials in natural hosts, and among those none have proven efficacious. This review provides an overview of the past and present anti-Cryptosporidium pharmacotherapy in humans and agricultural animals. Herein, we also highlight the progress made in the field over the last few years and discuss the different strategies employed for discovery and development of effective prospective treatments for cryptosporidiosis.

show abstract

“…In 2021, Kacar et al [ 33 ] conducted a study to investigate the effectiveness of proteome method analysis on the sera of Holstein calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium spp. after being treated with high-quality colostrum and paromomycin.…”

Section: Proteomementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Cryptosporidium spp. Using Genomic, Proteomic and Transcriptomic Techniques: Current Progress and Future Directions

Dąbrowska

Sroka

Cencek

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cryptosporidiosis is a widespread disease caused by the parasitic protozoan Cryptosporidium spp., which infects various vertebrate species, including humans. Once unknown as a gastroenteritis-causing agent, Cryptosporidium spp. is now recognized as a pathogen causing life-threatening disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS patients. Advances in diagnostic methods and increased awareness have led to a significant shift in the perception of Cryptosporidium spp. as a pathogen. Currently, genomic and proteomic studies play a main role in understanding the molecular biology of this complex-life-cycle parasite. Genomics has enabled the identification of numerous genes involved in the parasite’s development and interaction with hosts. Proteomics has allowed for the identification of protein interactions, their function, structure, and cellular activity. The combination of these two approaches has significantly contributed to the development of new diagnostic tools, vaccines, and drugs for cryptosporidiosis. This review presents an overview of the significant achievements in Cryptosporidium research by utilizing genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics approaches.

show abstract

Evaluation of the efficacy of cow colostrum in the treatment and its effect on serum proteomes in calves with cryptosporidiosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Host innate immune responses and microbiome profile of neonatal calves challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum and the effect of bovine colostrum supplementation

Host innate immune responses and microbiome profile of neonatal calves challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum and the effect of bovine colostrum supplementation

Past, current, and potential treatments for cryptosporidiosis in humans and farm animals: A comprehensive review

Investigating Cryptosporidium spp. Using Genomic, Proteomic and Transcriptomic Techniques: Current Progress and Future Directions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About