Evaluation of the effects of Cimicifugae Rhizoma on the morphology and viability of mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Cimicifugae Rhizoma is a traditional herbal medicine used to treat various diseases in Korea, China and Japan. Cimicifugae Rhizoma is primarily derived from Komarov or Linnaeus. Cimicifugae Rhizoma has been used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic remedy. The present study was performed to evaluate the extracts of Cimicifugae Rhizoma on the morphology and viability of human stem cells derived from gingiva. Stem cells derived from gingiva were grown in the presence of Cimicifugae Rhizoma at final concentrations that ranged from 0.001 to 1,000 µg/ml. The morphology of the cells was viewed under an inverted microscope and the analysis of cell proliferation was performed using a Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Under an optical microscope, the control cells exhibited a spindle-shaped, fibroblast-like morphology. The shapes of the cells in the groups treated with 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 µg/ml Cimicifugae Rhizoma were similar to the shapes in the control group. Significant alterations in morphology were noted in the 100 and 1,000 µg/ml groups when compared with the control group. The cells in the 100 and 1,000 µg/ml groups were rounder, and fewer cells were present. The cultures that were grown in the presence of Cimicifugae Rhizoma at a concentration of 0.001 µg/ml on day 1 had an increased CCK-8 value. The cultures grown in the presence of Cimicifugae Rhizoma at a concentration of 10 µg/ml on day 7 had a reduced CCK-8 value. Within the limits of this study, Cimicifugae Rhizoma influenced the viability of stem cells derived from the gingiva, and its direct application onto oral tissues may have adverse effects at high concentrations. The concentration and application time of Cimicifugae Rhizoma should be meticulously controlled to obtain optimal results.

Evaluation of the effects of Bambusa tulda on osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human stem cells

“…Gingiva can be easily accessible and obtainable [10,[21][22][23][24][25]. This procedure can be performed under local anesthesia and the obtained tissues are usually discarded in routine periodontal surgery [11,[26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

The effects of on osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human stem cells derived from the gingiva

“…Various methods can be used for the extraction of herbs, including cold pressing, expeller pressing, and solvent extraction. [3][4][5]11) Different kinds of solvents including ethanol, methanol, butanol, hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and water can be used for the extraction. A relatively higher temperature is applied in expeller pressing when compared with cold pressing.…”

“…3) Moreover, in recent years, the effects of medicinal herbs on stem cells have been tested. [3][4][5] The application of Cimicifugae rhizoma increased cell proliferation without morphologic changes. 5) Similarly, Angelicae dahuricae radix produced a marginal increase in stem cell proliferation.…”

“…[3][4][5] The application of Cimicifugae rhizoma increased cell proliferation without morphologic changes. 5) Similarly, Angelicae dahuricae radix produced a marginal increase in stem cell proliferation. 4) The effect of differentiation of stem cells has been of interest.…”

Evaluation of the shape, viability, stemness and osteogenic differentiation of cell spheroids formed from human gingiva-derived stem cells and osteoprecursor cells

“…Stem cells may be obtained from various tissues, including bone marrow and adipose tissue (3,4). Stem cells derived from gingiva may be useful for research and treatment of diseases as harvesting stem cells from the mandible or maxilla may be performed easily under local anesthesia (5,6).…”