Evaluation of the Effects of Methanol and Ethanol Additions on Performance and Emissions in a Spark Plug Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline

Abstract

The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of addition of methanol and ethanol (5% - 10% and 15%) as a fuel at low rates to gasoline fuel against performance, and emissions characteristics. The experiments were car-ried out in a single cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled spark plug ignition engine at various engine loads (2 - 2.5 - 3 - 3.5 and 4 Nm) and constant engine speed (2500 rpm). Performance, and emission characteristics of gasoline, methanol-gasoline and ethanol-gasoline blends were evaluated. When the results are examined, with the addition of ethanol and methanol, the specific fuel consumption and specific energy consumption increased, while the brake thermal efficiency decreased. Apart from that, CO and HC emissions have improved. The lowest CO and HC emissions were obtained in G85M15 and G85E15 fuels, respectively. Compared to gasoline, a reduction in CO and HC emissions of over 50% was observed.

Modeling of combustion and emissions behavior on the effect of ethanol–gasoline blends in a four stroke SI engine

“…The model validation was compared with the literature. 46 The results show that it is near to this literature as shown in Figure 15. The validation was compared for output power, torque and SFC with literature.…”

“…The model validation for heat transfer versus crank angle was confirmed with the literature. 47 Additionally, the literature papers 46,47 were agreed with the model for the relationship between cylinder pressure and crank angle. The model validation was compared with the literature.…”

“…Ethanol addition has increased SFC values by average 1.9%, 3.7%, 5.5%, and 7.2% for ethanol ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively according to gasoline at engine speed of 2500 rpm. 44–46 Ethanol inclusion has increased TE values by 1%, 1.5%, 2.2%, and 3% for ethanol percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively about gasoline at engine speed of 2500 rpm. The increase of engine speed to 2300 rpm, specific fuel consumption starts to decline and thermal efficiency orients to increase because more output power is needed to overcome the frictional resistance.…”

Acetone–Gasoline Blend as an Alternative Fuel in SI Engines: A Novel Comparison of Performance, Emission, and Lube Oil Degradation

“…The blended fuel, acetone, has oxygen content present, facilitating improved combustion and could be reasonably attributed to the better performance in terms of HC emission comparable to unblended gasoline. , The fundamental cause of the lower production of HC emissions is thought to be hydrocarbon fuel oxidation in the postflame as a result of blending with oxygenated fuel . Because oxygen reacts with hydrogen to make H 2 O and with carbon to produce CO 2 , the oxygen proportion in methanol promotes clean combustion . Since there is less reactivity between hydrogen and carbon, there are fewer HC emissions.…”

“…NO x emissions are created when monoatomic nitrogen and oxygen in the mixture of air and fuel react. EGT aids in interpreting the development of exhaust emissions and understanding the quality of combustion . The main justification for additional fuel injection into the cylinder is the reduced heating value of gasoline combined with acetone.…”