Evaluation of the effects of desflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on alveolar epithelial permeability by Tc-99m DTPA inhalation scintigraphy

Abstract

Eight new mono-azo substituted chromogenic calix [4]arenes (1-8) were synthesized by diazo-coupling reactions in which 25,26,27-tribenzoyloxy-28-hydroxy-5,11,17-tri-(tert -butyl)calix[4]arene and diazonium salts (2-, 3-, and 4-nitroaniline; 4-phenyl azoaniline; 3-and 4-chloroaniline; or 2-and 4-methylaniline) formed the corresponding mono-azo substituted derivatives in high yields. The mono-azo substituted calix[4]arenes were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, and 1 H-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Elemental analysis was also carried out. In addition, the effects of varying pH levels and solvents upon the absorption ability of azocalix[4]arenes substituted with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups at their o -, m -, and ppositions were studied. The results proved that the absorption maxima of the prepared compounds showed large bathochromic effects in comparison with analog compounds containing aromatic amine residue. Furthermore, concentration effects on the visible absorption maxima of the azocalix[4]arene compounds studied were also reported.

Condition Monitoring of Additively Manufactured Injection Mould Tooling: A Review of Demands, Opportunities and Potential Strategies

“…The location of cooling channels has an essential influence on the solidification of the part. Cooling channels are bored in each half of the mould and used to cool the polymer inside the mould using water [ 4 ]. The cooling channels are usually located as close as possible to the cavity to accelerate the cooling stage of the process.…”