Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Silver-Impregnated Medical Cap for Topical Treatment of Nipple Fissure of Breastfeeding Mothers

Abstract

Results of treatment with Silver Cap were more effective than standard care of nipple fissure treatment in term of resolution of painful symptoms. It promoted the healing process of lesions, and it was well tolerated and accepted by participants.

Measurement tools and intensity of nipple pain among women with or without damaged nipples: A quantitative systematic review

“…() studies—moderate—as well Mohamed Essa and Ebrahim () and As'adi et al. ()—moderate to severe—were similar to that reported in studies using the NRS (Araújo et al., ; Brent et al., ; Buck et al., ; Chaves et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; Marrazzu et al., ; Vieira et al., ) and the VAS (Abou‐Dakn et al., ; Akbari et al., ; Coca et al., ; Dennis et al., ; Duffy et al., ; McClellan et al., ) (Table ).…”

“…We identified a total of seven pain scales used to assess nipple pain in breastfeeding women. The most commonly used instruments to measure pain were one‐dimensional tools: NRS (nine studies) (Araújo et al., ; Brent et al., ; Buck et al., ; Chaves et al., ; Indraccolo et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; Marrazzu et al., ; Pugh et al., ; Vieira et al., ) and VAS (seven studies) (Abou‐Dakn et al., ; Akbari et al., ; Buchko et al., ; Coca et al., ; Dennis et al., ; Duffy et al., ; McClellan et al., ). The other scales identified were the Verbal Categorical Rating Scale (As'adi et al., ; Centuori et al., ; Mohamed Essa & Ebrahim, ; Shimoda et al., ) used in four studies; and the 1–5 Verbal Descriptor Scale used in three studies (Blair et al., ; Cadwell et al., ; Dodd & Chalmers, ); MPQ in Full in one study and Short‐Form version in two studies (SF‐MPQ) (Dennis et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; McClellan et al., ), and the Nipple Tenderness Scale in two studies (Lavergne, ; Shanazi et al., ).…”

“…Pain intensity in women with nipple damage was measured by the NRS in seven studies (Araújo et al., ; Brent et al., ; Chaves et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; Marrazzu et al., ; Vieira et al., ) and six by the VAS (Abou‐Dakn et al., ; Akbari et al., ; Coca et al., ; Dennis et al., ; Duffy et al., ; McClellan et al., ). Data collection occurred between the 1st and the 90th day postpartum, predominantly on the first few days (Abou‐Dakn et al., ; Buck et al., ; Coca et al., ; Dennis et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ).…”

“…Of these, 25 were relevant to the guiding question and were included in this review. Of the 25 articles, 20 were RCTs (Abou‐Dakn, Fluhr, Gensch, & Wockel, ; Akbari, Alamolhoda, Baghban, & Mirabi, ; Araújo, Nascimento, Camargos, Silva, & Faria, ; As'adi, Kariman, Mojab, & Pourhoseingholi, ; Brent, Rudy, Redd, Rudy, & Roth, ; Buchko et al., ; Cadwell, Turner‐Maffei, Blair, Brimdyr, & Maja McInerney, ; Centuori et al., ; Chaves, Araujo, Santos, Pinotti, & Oliveira, ; Coca et al., ; Dennis, Schottle, Hodnett, & McQueen, ; Dodd & Chalmers, ; Duffy, Percival, & Kershaw, ; Jackson & Dennis, ; Lavergne, ; Marrazzu et al., ; Mohamed Essa & Ebrahim, ; Pugh et al., ; Shanazi et al., ; Vieira et al., ), three were cross‐sectional studies (Blair, Cadwell, Turner‐Maffei, & Brimdyr, ; McClellan et al., ; Shimoda, Aragaki, Sousa, & Silva, ), and two were cohort studies (Buck et al., ; Indraccolo, Bracalente, Di Iorio, & Indraccolo, ).…”

Natural latex‐glycerol dressing to reduce nipple pain and healing the skin in breastfeeding women

“…This method can promote a moist and hypoxic environment that stimulates the process of healing compared with standard care of nipples during breastfeeding. In addition, Mamare ® is a similar product to Silver Cap ® , but made of polyacrylamide as the matrix and glycerol for helping the healing process …”