Evaluation of the Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Healing in a Rat Wound Model With Antioxidant, Vascular, and Histopathological Parameters

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of pomegranate ( Punica granatum) seed oil in wound healing in excised rats. Sixteen female young Wistar Albino Rats weighing approximately 300 to 320 g were randomly divided into 2 groups as the treatment (=pomegranate seed oil group) and control groups in this experiment. Six different wounds 1 cm apart from the midline and each other were formed with a 6 mm punch biopsy instrument. Three wounds were left open (open wound group) whereas 3 wounds were sutured with 4/0 vicryl (closed wound group). Punica granatum seed oil treatment was administered topically to the treatment group, both to open and closed wounds, once a day for 14 days. Parameters for healing were evaluated. Histopathologic examination was performed for the investigation of inflammation, neovascularization, granulation, and fibroblast generation in addition to serologic (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) evaluation of rat malondialchehyche, rat glutathione peroxidase, and rat superoxide dismutase. PeriScan PIM 3 System Laser Doppler Blood Perfusion Imager was used for the calculation of blood perfusion. There was a statistically significant difference between inflammation and neovascularization levels and group type on the 14th day in open wounds( P < .05). On the 21st day, the granulation tissue level in the closed wound group was found to be higher in the pomegranate group ( P = 0.000).The results showed that PSE oil is partially effective, although it is not effective in every parameter examined, in the treatment of excised wounds in rats and may be suitable for clinical treatment in humans but large controlled studies are needed.

In vivo healing potential of Vitis Vinifera L. and Punica Granatum L. fruit extracts in excision and burn models in rabbits

“…The increased rate of wound contraction, lesser epithelialization phase, and lesser scar area led to faster healing as confirmed by the increased healed area compared to (untreated) control. The wound healing results of the present study are in agreement with those reported in literature; topical application of grape seed extract [25,26] or pomegranate seed extract [27,28] on excision wounds in animals exhibited a significant (p ˂0.001) diminishing in wound area compared to untreated wounds, in addition to accelerated wound closure rate in Vitis vinifera and Punica granatum seed extracts-treated wounds.…”

“…Topical treatment with these extracts also resulted in a higher production of vessel enclosure growth factor (VEGF) at the edge of the wound. Altogether, the topical application of this extract facilitated skin wound healing [28,32].…”

Pomegranate seeds: a comprehensive review of traditional uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological properties

“…Treatment parameters were evaluated through in vivo experiments involving the application of PSO to post-excision wounds in rats once daily for 14 days. The findings indicate that PSO partially aids in treating excision wounds in rats and may be suitable for clinical treatment in humans, albeit requiring large-scale controlled studies ( Atsü Md et al, 2023 ). Furthermore, an effective dental scaffold, crafted with PSE, pomegranate peel extract (PPE), polyvinyl alcohol, and starch using 3D printing technology, has been developed for treating periodontal disease.…”

Electrospun Poly(ϵ-caprolactone) Nanofibers Containing Pomegranate Peel Extract and Bioactive Glass as Potential Wound Dressings

“…Pomegranate has a wide variety of different types of bioactive compounds, is native to the nations of the Mediterranean region, and may be consumed in the form of the fruit itself as juice, flower extract, seed oil, roots, leaves, or peel [14]. It contains polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, carotenoids, tannins, and other compounds [15].…”