Evaluation of the dynamic response of triply periodic minimal surfaces subjected to high strain-rate compression

AlMahri, Sara; Santiago, Rafael; Lee, Dong‐Wook; Ramos, Henrique; Alabdouli, Haleimah; Alteneiji, Mohamed; Guan, Zhongwei; Cantwell, Wesley; Alves, Marcı́lio

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2021.102220

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The mechanical properties of all samples including elastic modulus, compressive strength, and yield strength are illustrated in Figure 7 c–h. The mechanical properties of all samples are improved with the decrease in the porosities, and this is the same trend as the experimental results of other scholars [ 14 , 21 , 35 ]. The Gibson–Ashby model is the most notable and commonly accepted model for the prediction of the mechanical performance of porous scaffolds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Additively Manufactured Scaffolds with Optimized Thickness Based on Triply Periodic Minimal Surface

Zhu

Zou

et al. 2022

Materials

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Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) became an effective method to design porous scaffolds in recent years due to their superior mechanical and other engineering properties. Since the advent of additive manufacturing (AM), different TPMS-based scaffolds are designed and fabricated for a wide range of applications. In this study, Schwarz Primitive triply periodic minimal surface (P-TPMS) is adopted to design a novel porous scaffold according to the distribution of the scaffold stress under a fixed load with optimized thickness to tune both the mechanical and biological properties. The designed scaffolds are then additively manufactured through selective laser melting (SLM). The micro-features of the scaffolds are studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (CT) images, and the results confirm that morphological features of printed samples are identical to the designed ones. Afterwards, the quasi-static uniaxial compression tests are carried out to observe the stress–strain curves and the deformation behavior. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the porous scaffolds with optimized thickness were significantly improved. Since the mass transport capability is important for the transport of nutrients within the bone scaffolds, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to calculate the permeability under laminar flow conditions. The results reveal that the scaffolds with optimized structures possess lower permeability due to the rougher inner surface. In summary, the proposed method is effective to tailor both the mechanical properties and permeability, and thus offers a means for the selection and design of porous scaffolds in biomedical fields.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Additively Manufactured Scaffolds with Optimized Thickness Based on Triply Periodic Minimal Surface

Zhu

Zou

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…For every unit cell size, the RD or volume fraction was controlled by changing the aspect ratio of the TPMS wall thickness parameter ( t) to the unit cell size ( t/l) . The wall thickness parameter t controls the TPMS surface thickness [ 34 ]. It should be noted that the wall thickness of each unit cell type is varied to meet the required RD, as TPMSs have different surface areas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compression Performance and Failure Analysis of 3D-Printed Carbon Fiber/PLA Composite TPMS Lattice Structures

et al. 2022

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Triply periodic minimum surface (TPMS)-based lattice structures have gained interest for their outstanding capacity to absorb energy, their high load-bearing capacity, and their high surface-to-volume ratio. This study considered three TPMS cell topologies, including Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive. The FDM process was used to print the lattice structures with two materials: pure polylactic acid (PLA) and carbon fiber-reinforced PLA (PLA + CF). The influence of carbon fiber (CF) incorporation, unit cell type (topologies) and size, and relative density (RD) on mechanical properties and failure patterns were explored comprehensively under uniaxial compression testing. The results demonstrate a change in the compressive modulus (0.09 to 0.47 GPa), compressive strength (2.98 to 13.89 MPa), and specific energy absorption (SEA) (0.14 MJ/m3/g to 0.58 MJ/m3/g) due to the influence of CF incorporation, cell type and size, and RD. Results indicate that the Diamond structure outperformed both Primitive and Gyroid structures in terms of compressive modulus and strength, and SEA. All the CF-based TPMS structures showed a higher compressive modulus. Compressive strength and energy absorption capacity were both slightly enhanced in most PLA + CF-based Diamond structures. On the contrary, Gyroid and Primitive structures showed better performance for pure PLA-based structures in terms of compression strength and specific absorption energy.

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“…Similar to the Gyroid specimens, Diamond specimens at higher volume fractions also continued to deform with more fluctuations beyond the elastic region when compared to the same specimens with lower volume fractions due to higher stiffness [15]. Diamond specimens (specimen 2, 4, and 9) showed a fluctuating plateau stress from 20-22% strain up to 60-70% strain, at which point, densification starts.…”

Section: Quasi Static Compression Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The difference between Gyroid specimens from Diamond and Primitive specimens is that Gyroid specimens have two layers in one unit cell, whereas Diamond and Primitive specimens have only one layer in one unit cell [19]. It is clear that with the increase of volume fractions, fluctuations in the plateau regime increase due to higher stiffness of the Gyroid specimens [15]. For Gyroid specimens, the onset stress of densification was 100 MPa for specimen 1, 190 Mpa for specimen 6, and 320 MPa for specimen 8, indicating that volume fraction increase has a great influence on the stress value at which densification begins.…”

Section: Quasi Static Compression Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They stated that Neovius and IWP structures showed the highest and a Primitive structure showed the lowest compressive strength and energy absorption ability. Al Mahri et al [15] studied the quasi-static and dynamic response of Gyroid, Diamond, IWP, Primitive, and Fisher Kock TPMS lattice structures produced with an LPBF process from 316L stainless steel. Their results revealed that IWP showed the highest and Primitive showed the lowest plateau stress in both loading conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Build Parameters on the Compressive Behavior of Additive Manufactured CoCrMo Lattice Parts Based on Experimental Design

Gülcan¹,

Şimşek²,

Cokgunlu

et al. 2022

Metals

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Due to their high specific strength, toughness, and corrosion and wear resistance characteristics, CoCrMo alloys are widely used in different industries and applications: wind turbines and jet-engine components, orthopedic implants, dental crowns, etc. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of lattice parameters on the compressive behavior of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) parts from CoCrMo material. Build orientation, volume fraction, and lattice type are chosen as input parameters or control factors, and compressive yield strength (σy), elastic modulus (E), and specific energy absorption are chosen as the output or performance parameters for optimization. The Taguchi experimental design method is used in the arrangement of lattice parameters during experimental studies. The level of importance of the lattice parameters on σy, E, and specific energy absorption is determined by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). At the same material volume fractions, Diamond specimens showed higher σy and specific energy absorption than Gyroid and Primitive specimens, except σy at 0.4 volume fraction, where a Gyroid specimen showed the best result. The experimental and statistical results revealed that volume fraction and build orientation were found to be the major and minor effective factors, respectively, for all performance parameters (σy, E, and specific energy absorption). The effect of volume fraction on σy, E, and specific energy absorption was found to be 85.11%, 91.83%, and 57.71%, respectively. Lattice type was found to be the second-ranking factor, affecting σy, E, and specific energy absorption with contributions of 11.04%, 6.98%, and 39.40%, respectively. Multi objective optimization based on grey relation analysis showed that a Diamond specimen with 0.4 volume fraction and 45° build orientation was the best parameter set for the investigated performance outputs.

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Evaluation of the dynamic response of triply periodic minimal surfaces subjected to high strain-rate compression

Cited by 46 publications

References 51 publications

Additively Manufactured Scaffolds with Optimized Thickness Based on Triply Periodic Minimal Surface

Additively Manufactured Scaffolds with Optimized Thickness Based on Triply Periodic Minimal Surface

Compression Performance and Failure Analysis of 3D-Printed Carbon Fiber/PLA Composite TPMS Lattice Structures

Effect of Build Parameters on the Compressive Behavior of Additive Manufactured CoCrMo Lattice Parts Based on Experimental Design

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