Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of an oral fluid screening test device for substance abuse at traffic controls

Avcıoğlu, Gamze; Yılmaz, Gülsen; Sahiner, Safak Yalcin; Kozacı, Leyla Didem; Bal, Ceylan; Yılmaz, Fatma Meriç

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.04.009

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, performing systematic sample collection and thus developing on-site, simple, and non-invasive sampling strategies for unbiased sample collection and more accurate knowledge of the prevalence of the consumed substances appears as an appropriate approach. Among those strategies, on-site collection of oral fluid (OF) has been indicated as a potential tool to evaluate DUID at roadside traffic controls [ 27 ]. Dried blood spots (DBS) also provide an interesting alternative since only a limited volume of blood (10-20 μL) can be collected by either finger or heel pricking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomly controlled drivers using minimally invasive sampling: assessment of drug prevalence in Western Switzerland over two time periods

et al. 2022

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Background According to the World Health Organization, road traffic injuries lead to 1.3 million deaths each year and represent the leading cause of death for young adults under 30 years old. The use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol, drugs and pharmaceuticals, is a well-known risk factor for road traffic injuries. Our study aims to assess the prevalence of substances consumed by drivers in western Switzerland. Such studies are pivotal to improving prevention and developing public awareness campaigns. Methods To assess the prevalence of psychoactive substances among drivers, roadside controls were performed in collaboration with local police, using their classical sampling procedures to detect drivers under the influence of drugs or alcohol over two time periods (P1: 2006-2008, P2: 2017-2020). When impaired driving was not suspected by the police, minimally invasive sampling strategies (i.e., oral fluids during P1 and dried blood spots during P2) were performed on volunteer drivers after a road safety survey. A posteriori analyses and statistical interpretation were then performed. Results Among the 1605 drivers included in the study, 1048 volunteers provided an oral fluid sample, while 299 provided a dried blood spot sample. The percentage of drivers testing positive for at least one substance that can impact driving abilities was stable over time, with a rate of 10.5% positivity measured over both periods. Considering the different categories of substances, a slight variation was observed between both periods, with 7.6 and 6.3% of pharmaceuticals and 3.6 and 4.9% of illicit drugs for P1 and P2, respectively. Regarding the consumption of illicit drugs, the highest percentage of positivity was measured in biological fluids of drivers under the age of 35, during nights and week-ends, periods which are considered particularly prone to fatal accidents for this age group. Disturbingly, the road safety survey highlighted that drivers’ perception of the risk of getting positively controlled while driving after drug consumption is low (3.3 on a 1-to-10 scale, N = 299). Conclusion The number of positive cases measured in voluntary drivers who passed the preliminary police check demonstrates the importance of systematic biofluid sampling strategies regarding driving under the influence of psychoactive substances. Although the number of fatal road accidents globally has decreased over time, the results of this study reveal the need for both better prevention and deterrent processes that could potentially reduce the risk of fatal road accidents associated with drug consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomly controlled drivers using minimally invasive sampling: assessment of drug prevalence in Western Switzerland over two time periods

et al. 2022

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Comparison of the immunoassay method with the commercial and in-house LC-MS/MS methods for substance abuse in urine

Avcioglu,

Yilmaz,

Yalcin Sahiner

et al. 2023

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry

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Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the analytical performance of the KIMS (kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution) immunochemical method with a validated in-house and a commercial LC-MS/MS method. Methods The urine samples of the 100 subjects were included in the present study. The urine samples were analysed with Roche DAT immunochemical method based on KIMS method. In-house LC-MS/MS method was validated for 58 parameters according to the CLSI C62-A recommendations with the following parameters: matrix effect, lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), linearity, intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy. Eureka Lab Division Drugs of Abuse kit was used as the commercial LC-MS/MS method. Results The immunochemical method had a satisfactory performance with specificity, sensitivity and accuracy values above 80 % and met the DRUID recommendation except benzodiazepines. The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochemical method were between 97–100 % and 84–100 %, respectively (except for benzodiazepines). The bias obtained for THC-COOH, morphine and codeine parameters were −17.5, 24.6 and 43.6 between two LC-MS/MS methods. The commercial method had a tendency to have a negative bias except for cannabinoids. Conclusions The analytical performance of the KIMS-based urine immunochemical method was found to be satisfactory for the intended use, except for benzodiazepines. The validated urine in-house LC-MS/MS method was found to be a good alternative for confirmation of substance abuse.

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Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of an oral fluid screening test device for substance abuse at traffic controls

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Randomly controlled drivers using minimally invasive sampling: assessment of drug prevalence in Western Switzerland over two time periods

Randomly controlled drivers using minimally invasive sampling: assessment of drug prevalence in Western Switzerland over two time periods

Comparison of the immunoassay method with the commercial and in-house LC-MS/MS methods for substance abuse in urine

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