Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of fiber reinforced composite bonded retainers and flexible spiral wires retainers in simulated high and low cariogenic environments

Abstract

Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of fiber reinforced composite bonded retainers in comparison with flexible spiral wires (FSWs) under high and low cariogenic-simulated environments using human oral fibroblasts.Materials and Methods:Four types of bonded retainers were evaluated: (1) reinforced with glass fibers: Interlig (Angelus), (2) reinforced with polyethylene fibers: Connect (Kerr), (3) reinforced with quartz fibers: Quartz Splint UD (RTD), and (4) FSW. Twenty specimens of each sample group were prepared with the same surface area and halved. Next, half of them were placed in a high cariogenic environment 60 min in 10% lactic acid 3 times a day and remained in Fusayama Meyer artificial saliva for the rest of the day) and the other half were placed in a low cariogenic environment 20 min in 10% lactic acid 3 times a day and remained in Fusayama Meyer artificial saliva for the rest of the day) for 1, 7 and 30 days. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (α =0.05).Results:During the 1st month, cytotoxicity reduced gradually. In the low cariogenic-simulated environment, the cytotoxicity of all of the groups were reported to be mild at day 30 and the difference between them was significant (P = 0.016). In the same period in the high cariogenic-simulated environment, the cytotoxicity of Connect and Quartz Splint was mild, and they had lower cytotoxicity than the other groups. Meanwhile, Interlig had moderate (52%) and FSW had severe cytotoxicity (22%) and the difference between the groups was also significant (P = 0.000).Conclusions:FSW retainers are not recommended in those at high-risk for dental caries. However, in those at low-risk, there is no difference from the standpoint of cytotoxicity.

Mechanical and cytotoxic analysis of cutlery developed from phenol‐formaldehyde modified soy‐jute composite

“…Both composites exhibit approximately 100% cell viability for varying concentrations after 24 h of cell culture. For a highly concentrated solution (16 µg mL −1 ), cell viability declined to 98% after 72 h. Given that both composites exhibit approximately 100% cell viability after 24 h of culture, it may be assumed that neither is hazardous 17,22 …”

Effect of natural silk fibers and synthetic fiber-reinforced composites on the cytotoxicity of fibroblast cell lines

“…A previous study demonstrated that these fibers were noncytotoxic, as evidenced by the absence of any adverse effects on fibroblasts from day 1 of the exposure until day 11 when the cells returned to their normal state. 24 The exceptional compatibility of E-glass can be attributed to its chemical resistance in very acidic and mildly acidic conditions. It does not undergo any potentially harmful reactions, leaching, or release of substances that could be toxic to cells.…”

“…In addition, the flowable composite used for impregnation and production of FRCs has shown favorable biocompatibility. 24 However, it must be applied correctly, as any leftover or unreacted monomers found to be the leading cause of cytotoxicity to fibroblasts can be minimized. 11 Therefore, the concentration and type of resin monomers are noteworthy, particularly for restorations in direct contact with the gingival tissue.…”