Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss using the Allium test

Akaneme, None

doi:10.5897/jmpr12.427

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Sodium chloride (NaCl) seems to be a factor in inducing cytokinesis inhibition and/or cell plate formation suppression. Such effects were also reported by multiple authors (Akaneme and Amaefule, 2012;AskinÇelik and Aslant¨urk, 2010;Borah and Talukdar, 2002;G¨om¨urgen et al, 2005). Nuclear lesions may have occurred due to the disintegration of the nuclear material by salt.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Chromosomal and Nuclear Alterations in the Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba Induced by Sodium Chloride

Souguir

Abd‐Alla

Hörmann

et al. 2018

Water Environment Research

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Despite the well-known toxic effect of chloride sodium (NaCl), only few studies analyze its genotoxic effect on crops. Micronucleus assay is an efficient tool for the measure of chromosomal DNA damages. Based on this test, the effects of salt on micronucleus induction, and on chromosome and nucleus changes, were investigated in Vicia faba root tips treated with NaCl (electrical conductivity = 25 dS/m) during 24 hours. V. faba meristematic cells showed a significant increase in the number of micronuclei compared with the control. Micronucleus size varied from small to large and appeared at different stages of mitosis. Moreover, different chromosomal aberrations like breaks, bridges, rings, vagrant, and lagging chromosomes, were observed in the metaphase, the anaphase, and the telophase. In addition, nuclear alterations in the interphase were characterized by the presence of binucleated cells, strap nuclei with lesions, hyperchromasia, buds, and nuclei with irregular shapes and lesions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Chromosomal and Nuclear Alterations in the Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba Induced by Sodium Chloride

Souguir

Abd‐Alla

Hörmann

et al. 2018

Water Environment Research

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“…Medicinal plants may have mutagenic, co-carcinogenic and/or carcinogenic effects, although they have varieties of potential therapeutic indications [1]. The substances having antioxidant capacities can prevent/treat diseases like cancer, arteriosclerosis and diabetes [24], which are mainly caused by mutations or errors in the metabolic process and are considered as mutagenic substances with the power to destroy the integrity of DNA and increase the incidence of cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenotoxic and mutagenic profiling of cashew nut shell liquids and cardanol

et al. 2019

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Background: Cashew and its compounds have many important biological effects. This study is aimed at evaluating genotoxic and mutagenic effects of natural cashew nut shell liquid (nCNSL) and industrial cashew nut shell liquid (iCNSL) and a major component of iCNSL called Cardanol. Methods: Test samples were undergone for comet assay and micronucleus tests in Swiss albino mice. Animals were orally treated with 17.37, 34.75 and 69.5 mg/kg of the test substances taking distilled water (10 mL/kg; DW) and cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) as negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, respectively. Results: The results suggest that nCNSL at 34.7 and 69.5 mg/kg and Cardanol at all tested doses induced significant genotoxic effects to the female mouse bone marrow cells, while iCNSL did not. Both nCNSL and iCNSL as well as Cardanol did not show mutagenic and cytotoxic effects. All the test samples also showed DNA repair capacity at low dose. Conclusion: Cashew nut shell liquids and Cardanol showed genotoxic effects at high dose, but DNA repair, nonmutagenic and non-cytotoxic effects at low dose.

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“…Both chromosome bridges and fragments are signs of clastogenic effects (Kumar et al, 2010;Akaneme and Amaefule, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of phytotoxic and mutagenic effects of some cinnamic acid derivatives using the Triticum test

Jităreanu¹,

Pădureanu²,

Tătărîngă³

et al. 2013

Turk J Biol

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Kumar et al., 2010). The Triticum test has 2 targets: toxicity and mutagenicity assessment. Toxicity is associated with growth inhibition, while mutagenicity is correlated with the rate of chromosome disturbances (Fiskesjo, 1985).Cinnamic acid derivatives are important compounds with a wide range of biological activities: antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumoral (Da Cunha et al., 2004;Narasimhan et al., 2004;Xu et al., 2005;Sharma, 2011). Some cinnamic acid derivatives are naturally occurring substances found in various plants. Cinnamic acid can also be found in free form, but it is especially common in the form of esters. Cinnamic esters are obtained from various plant sources and are very important in perfumery, the cosmetic industry, and pharmaceutics. Methyl caffeate is found in Gaillardia pulchella, Gochnatia rusbyana, Notopterygium incisum, and the fruits of Linum usitatissimum and is reported to possess both antitumor and antimicrobial activities. Ethyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate, found in Piper longum, has an important role in controlling inflammatory diseases (Sharma, 2011).Hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, ferulic, and coumaric) and their derivatives are extremely potent natural antitumor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) from propolis is only one example of an extremely potent biologically active natural cinnamic acid derivative (Bankova, 2009). The aim of this paper was to evaluate the phytotoxic and mutagenic effects of 5 cinnamic acid derivatives [cinnamic acid (I), 2,3-dibromo-3-phenyl-propanoic acid (II), 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromophenyl)-propanoic acid (III), 2,3-dibromo-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid (IV), and 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid (V)] in order to obtain Abstract: Five cinnamic acid derivatives [cinnamic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-phenyl-propanoic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromophenyl)propanoic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid, and 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid] were found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and their minimal bactericidal concentrations were determined (100 µg/mL). The first step in assessing their toxicological potential was the phytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation on Triticum aestivum. Wheat seeds were exposed to solutions of the tested compounds (100 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. The development of roots and seedlings, germination percentage, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, and total polyphenol content were analyzed. The substances caused in most experimental cases a slight inhibition in the growth of the tested plantlets in comparison to the control, with the exception of 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid (48 h of exposure). All compounds inhibited the germination process and mitotic activity. No aberrant metaphases were generated, but abnormal anatelophases appeared, and 4 types of chromosomal aberrations were identified: chromosome bridges,...

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Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss using the Allium test

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Chromosomal and Nuclear Alterations in the Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba Induced by Sodium Chloride

Chromosomal and Nuclear Alterations in the Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba Induced by Sodium Chloride

Cytogenotoxic and mutagenic profiling of cashew nut shell liquids and cardanol

Evaluation of phytotoxic and mutagenic effects of some cinnamic acid derivatives using the Triticum test

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