Evaluation of the correlation between insulin like factor 3, polycystic ovary syndrome, and ovarian maldescent

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate a proposed correlation between the incidentally discovered undescended ovaries and their confirmed diagnosis as a polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) for all cases included, and to evaluate the role of estimated insulin like factor 3 (INSL3) circulating level in the pathogenesis of both abnormal findings. The study group (A) comprised 35 women whose ovaries had been incidentally found to be undescended during the routine laparoscopy for infertility causes, and all had been diagnosed as PCOD. The control category included two subgroups; subgroup (B) included 35 women group, diagnosed as PCOD but with normally allocated ovaries in the true pelvis, and subgroup (C) included 35 healthy women with regular menses and no signs of hyperandrogenism. Correlations between the level of INSL3 and other PCOD relevant biochemical tests: [e.g. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), LH, FSH, androstendione (A), total and free testosterone (T & Ft), DHEA-S, and SHBG] had been also investigated. INSL3 levels were significantly higher in PCOD groups (A) and (B) compared to the healthy fertile control subgroup (C) (80.5 ± 29.4, 65.11 ± 15.6, and 41.11 ± 10.2 pg/mL, respectively), and was highest in group (A). Moreover, we identified a strong correlation between INSL3 and androstenedione (r = 0.42, p = 0.0012), and free (r = 0.42, p = .0123) and total testosterone (r = 0.41, p = .004) in the PCOD (A) and (B) subgroup compared to the levels in subgroup (C). LH was significantly higher in all PCOD women in groups (A&B) (12. 3 ± 3.4, and 11.2 ± 1.4 mIU/L, respectively) compared to those in group (A) (5.7 ± 2.5 mIU/L), with a fair correlation with INSL3. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between INSL3 and FSH, DHEA-S, glucose, basal insulin concentration or HOMA-IR in all PCOD women. The strong positive correlation between INSL3, and high ovarian androgens levels in all PCOD women, which appeared clearly in undescended polycystic ovaries could support the proposed syndrome hypothesis between those abnormal findings.

Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis

“…Our data show that toluene exposure caused a significant downward trend in the mRNA levels of these genes with increasing doses, which may have negatively affected granulosa cell proliferation and follicle development. In particular, INSL3 in females of Mammalia is produced from ovarian follicular theca cells [ 57 ] and plays a role in the control of the number of healthy growing follicles [ 58 , 59 ]. The downregulation of this gene under the effect of toluene exposure may have increased the number of abnormal follicles.…”

Undescended ovary without abnormal development of uterus and urinary system: a report of four cases

“…It can be retrieved through the abdomen and anterior superior iliac spine. Undescended ovary combined the extended fallopian tubes also increase various risk such as ectopic pregnancy [ 13 ], ovarian twist, and ovarian tumors [ 14 ]. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis of potential risk of infertility for patients are of importance in the treatment of undescended ovary.…”

Diverse functions of insulin-like 3 peptide

“…Amenorrheic and oligomenorrheic groups had significantly higher levels of INSL3 and AMH compared to control women, which suggests a potential role in the follicle arrest and anovulation typically seen in this disease (Pelusi et al 2013). Women with abnormal anatomical characteristics such as ectopic ovaries were also identified from a sample of PCOS women with positively correlated INSL3 and androgen levels (Seyam & Hefzy 2018). A recent study suggested that the common polymorphism T60A of the INSL3 gene could increase the risk of developing PCOS (Shaikh et al 2016).…”

“…Abnormal levels of INSL3 in woman have been shown to correlate with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (Pelusi et al 2013, Shaikh et al 2016, Seyam & Hefzy 2018. Patients with PCOS were categorized by…”