Evaluation of the cleansing and disinfection protocol of pig-breeding premises contaminated by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Abstract

The results of the determination of the efficiency of the cleaning and disinfection protocol of pig farms contaminated by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus are presented in this study. The research was conducted in the Scientific Research Center of Biosafety and Environmental Control AIC of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. The experimental part was carried out on the basis of a permanently infected pig breeding farm of the southern region of Ukraine. In order to determine the critical points, a selection of samples of washings/scraps from the surfaces of the pig farm’s premises and the objects of the environment was carried out before cleaning and disinfection and after 1 and 2 premises’ sanitation. A total of 204 tests were analyzed. Disinfection of the territory of pig farms and livestock premises was carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. Before disinfection, a thorough mechanical cleaning of livestock premises was carried out, with subsequent irrigation of all surfaces with cold tap water. Disinfection of premises and the territory of the pig complex was carried out by the wet cleaning of surfaces with a solution of disinfectant based on glutaraldehyde after preparatory operations in the absence of animals. After disinfection the premises were additionally processed with Ca(OH)2 solution. Washes were obtained with a sterile swab from a surface of 10.0 cm2 by inserting a swab into a test tube with a sterile physiological solution. Scraps from the surfaces were obtained with a disposable sterile blades from the scalpel. The obtained material was placed in disposable sterile plastic 1.5–2.0 cm3 test tubes. The study of the presence of the PEDV was performed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction with the previous reverse transcription of RNA. It was established that the causative agent of PED in a permanently infected farm contaminates most of the production and auxiliary premises and objects of the environment. The one-time cleaning and disinfection protocol does not allow free the farm from the PEDV completely. Only two-time sanitation of premises and objects of the environment with the laboratory control of the efficiency of cleaning and disinfection contributes to the effective eradication of the PEDV.

Evaluation of commercial methods to separate nucleic acids from intestinal tissues of pigs for diagnosis of porcine epidemic diarrhea

“…PED is caused by the RNA genomic coronavirus and is accompanied by diarrhea in pigs of different sex-age groups and causes high mortality (up to 100%) among animals in the first week of life (Cochrane et al, 2015;Bjustrom-Kraft et al, 2016;Sun et al, 2018;Yuan et al, 2019). The PCR method is most effective for the diagnosis of PED in industrial pig production (Tun et al, 2016;Kao et al, 2018;Masiuk et al, 2018;Hou et al, 2019). This method allows the detection of PED virus RNA even with minimal concentration of it in the test material.…”