Evaluation of the Cholesterol-Lowering Mechanism of Enterococcus faecium Strain 132 and Lactobacillus paracasei Strain 201 in Hypercholesterolemia Rats

Yang, Lingshuang; Xie, Xinqiang; Liu, Ying; Wu, Lei; Fan, Congcong; Liang, Tingting; Yang, Shuanghong; Li, Haixin; Zhang, Jumei; Ding, Yu; Xue, L.; Chen, Moutong; Wang, Juan; Wu, Qingping

doi:10.3390/nu13061982

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Accumulation of lipids in the liver is the main cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a common complication of obesity (Skrypnik et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, multiple studies have shown that obesity is directly connected with body-liver weight, liver TC and liver TG, and serum lipid profiles in high-fat diet-induced obese rats (Skrypnik et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2021 ; Yang et al, 2021 ). In our experiments, it was evident that the high-fat diet-fed rats (HCD rats) showed an increased TC and TG levels from both the serum and liver tissue homogenate, which further triggered the lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity in the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although numerous strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species have been reported to alleviate cholesterol both in vivo and in vitro , very limited reports are available for the hypocholesterolemic effect of the Enterococcus strains (Tomaro-Duchesneau et al, 2014 ; Shehata et al, 2016 ; Hyrslova et al, 2021 ; Marras et al, 2021 ; Yang et al, 2021 ; Kouhi et al, 2022 ). Thus, this study has aimed to determine the beneficial effects of probiotic Enterococcus durans HS03 (BSH-negative) and Enterococcus lactis YY1 (BSH-positive) on lipid metabolism in Sprague–Dawley rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut

Ghatani

Thapa

Sha³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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In this study, the two lactic acid bacterial strains Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis previously isolated from soft chhurpi, a traditionally fermented milk product prepared by the indigenous community of Sikkim Himalayas and healthy human gut were used. In this study, we attempted to investigate the probiotic attributes, safety, and health beneficial role, and hypercholesterolemia of Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis. Both probiotic potential strains showed good hypocholesterolemic activity in vitro along with tolerance to acid pH (2 and 2.5), tolerance to three bile salts, oxbile, cholic acid, and taurocholic acid (0.5 and 1%), presence of BSH enzyme and its activity, and cell surface adherence. On assessing for safety, both LAB strains were sensitive to antibiotics and exhibited no hemolytic activity. The probiotic strains were tested in vivo in the Sprague–Dawley rats which were divided into five experimental groups: Normal Control (ND), probiotic strain Enterococcus durans HS03 (BSH-negative) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD1), probiotic strain Enterococcus lactis YY1 (BSH-positive) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD2), and a combination of both strains and high-cholesterol diet (HCD3) and Negative Control (HCD). The probiotic-treated groups HCD1, HCD2, and HCD3 showed a decrease in serum cholesterol levels up to 22.55, 6.67, and 31.06%; the TG and VLDL concentrations were 25.39, 26.3, and 33.21%; reduction in LDL-cholesterol was 33.66, 28.50, and 35.87%; and increase of HDL was 38.32, 47.9, and 41.92%. Similarly, the effects of total cholesterol and TG in the liver, kidney and liver histopathology, liver and body lipid index, and oxidative stress in rat liver were also studied. The fecal lactobacilli were more in the samples of the probiotic-treated groups and their fecal coliform and E. coli counts decreased relatively as compared to the control groups in 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. This is the first report on the probiotic potential of Enterococcus durans HS03 and Enterococcus lactis YY1 strains that gives a new insight into the cholesterol-lowering and probiotic product development with wide health attributes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut

Ghatani

Thapa

Sha³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…In a study of rats fed a high-fat diet, 24-h supplementation of Enterococcus hirae (2 mg/10 10 CFU) decreased total cholesterol and TG levels and alleviated insulin resistance ( 41 ). A recent study with hypercholesterolemic rats, administration of specific strains of Enterococcus faecium decreased total cholesterol, LDL-C, and TG levels by regulating the genes involved in lipid metabolism, such as CYP8B1 , CYP7A1 , SREBP-1 , SCD1 , and LDL-R ( 42 ). Thus, the benefit of LPK on lipid profiles might be driven by favorable alterations in the distribution of gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Lactobacillus plantarum K50 on Lipids in Koreans With Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial

Sohn

Chu

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundOnly few studies have investigated the role of probiotics in the development of obesity. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of an intake of Lactobacillus plantarum K50 (LPK) on body fat and lipid profiles in people with obesity.MethodsThis randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial involved 81 adults with a body mass index of 25–30 kg/m2 who were assigned randomly to a diet including 4 × 109 colony-forming unit of LPK or a placebo. Changes in body fat, anthropometric parameters, and biomarkers of obesity were compared using a linear mixed-effect model.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of treatment, body weight, fat mass, and abdominal fat area did not change significantly in the two groups. However, total cholesterol levels decreased from 209.4 ± 34.4 mg/dL to 203.5 ± 30.9 mg/dL in the LPK group, but increased from 194.7 ± 37.5 mg/dL to 199.9 ± 30.7 mg/dL in the placebo group (P = 0.037). Similarly, triglyceride levels decreased from 135.4 ± 115.8 mg/dL to 114.5 ± 65.9 mg/dL in the LPK group, with a significant difference between groups. LPK supplementation also tended to decrease leptin levels compared with placebo. It also changed the distribution of gut microbiota significantly, with an increase in L. plantarum and a decrease in Actinobacteria, both of whose changes in abundance were correlated with changes in visceral adiposity, with borderline significance.ConclusionA 12-week consumption of LPK reduced the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly with favorable alterations in microbiota, suggesting potential benefits for controlling blood lipid profiles.

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“…The kidney was rinsed with PBS and fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 24 h. The kidney tissue was then dehydrated with an alcohol gradient, embedded in paraffin and sliced. Finally, the tissue was dewaxed using xylene and stained using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) [ 20 ]. We chose the kidney as the pathological section to know the protective effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermented milk on kidney damage caused by hypertension, because hypertension often causes some complications, especially the kidney [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihypertensive Activity of Milk Fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SR37-3 and SR61-2 in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Yuan

Chen

et al. 2022

Foods

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Probiotic fermented milk can lower the incidence rate of hypertension and is beneficial to the regulation of the intestinal microecology. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we evaluated the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the antihypertensive effect of milk fermented by the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains SR37-3 (PFM-SR37-3) and SR61-2 (PFM-SR61-2) in Ng-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester induced hypertensive rats. The results showed that PFM-SR37-3 and PFM-SR61-2 intervention significantly lowered the blood pressure (BP) of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester induced hypertensive rats and attenuated renal injury. In particular, long-term administration of PFM inhibited a progressive elevation in SBP (170.22 ± 8.40 and 133.28 ± 6.09 by model group and PFM-SR37-3 treated model group, respectively, at the end of the 4 weeks; p < 0.01 PFM-SR37-3 treated model group versus model group) and DBP (133.83 ± 5.91 and 103.00 ± 6.41 by model group and PFM-SR37-3 treated model group, respectively, at the end of the 4 weeks; p < 0.01 PFM-SR37-3 treated model group versus model group). PFM-SR37-3 and PFM-SR61-2 reshaped the gut microbiome and metabolome, and especially regulated the metabolic levels of L-phenylalanine, L-methionine and L-valine in the intestine and blood circulation. The analysis of the target organ’s aortic transcriptome indicated that the protective effects of PFM-SR37-3 and PFM-SR61-2 were accompanied by the modulation of the BP circadian rhythm pathway, which was conducive to cardiovascular function. Vascular transcriptomic analysis showed that circadian rhythm and AMPK might be potential targets of hypertension. In addition, the ACE inhibition rates of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SR37-3 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SR61-2 in vitro were 70.5% and 68.9%, respectively. Our research provides new insights into novel and safe options for hypertension treatment.

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Evaluation of the Cholesterol-Lowering Mechanism of Enterococcus faecium Strain 132 and Lactobacillus paracasei Strain 201 in Hypercholesterolemia Rats

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut

Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut

Efficacy and Safety of Lactobacillus plantarum K50 on Lipids in Koreans With Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial

Antihypertensive Activity of Milk Fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SR37-3 and SR61-2 in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats

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