Evaluation of the central and peripheral effects of doxepin on carrageenan-induced inflammatory paw edema in rat

Zabihi, Mohsen; Hajhashemi, Valiollah; Minaiyan, Mohsen; Talebi, Ardeshir

doi:10.4103/1735-5362.212052

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Besides, ARCU and ADCU showed constancy in inhibiting the paw edema in the second phase and displayed maximum inhibition at 5 h. This is probably due to the inhibition of inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) and their products (NO and PGE 2 ) 47 . Free radical has been proposed to play an important role in the carrageenaninduced acute inflammatory response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Untitled

2019

IJPSR

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The study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of raw (ARCU) and distilled (ADCU) urine from an adult indigenous cow breed, Malnad gidda. Materials and Methods: Different radical scavenging models assessed antioxidant activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. The first group received saline and served as control. The second group received the standard drug Indomethacin (10 mg/kg b.w.), third (ARCU, 3 mL/kg b.w.), fourth (ARCU, 6 mL/kg b.w.), fifth (ADCU, 3 mL/kg b.w.) and sixth (ADCU, 6 mL/kg b.w.) groups served as treatment groups and received the urine samples.1 h later, paw edema was induced by injecting 0.1 mL of carrageenan (1% w/v) in saline solution into the sub-plantar region of the left hind paw of the rats. The paw volume was measured before the injection (basal volume) and after the injection of carrageenan at hourly intervals using Plethysmometer. Results: The ARCU and ADCU treated groups showed significant (P˂0.001) decrease in edema with a maximum inhibition of 81.07%; 72.09% (6 mL/kg b.w.) and 79.53%; 64.47% (3 mL/kg b.w.) at 5 h compared to control. ARCU and ADCU showed potent antioxidant effect on the inhibition of DPPH (IC 50 : 33.11 and 204.64 µL/mL), superoxide anion (IC 50 : 19.36 and 371.53 µL/mL), nitric oxide (IC 50 : 72.44 and 114.81 µL/mL) and hydroxyl free radical (IC 50 : 53.80 and 75.64 µL/mL). Also, ARCU and ADCU exhibited potent reducing ability (IC 50 : 8.70 and 8.89 µL/mL). Conclusion: Cow urine (ARCU; ADCU) of an indigenous breed, Malnad gidda exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Untitled

2019

IJPSR

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“…Anti-inflammatory activities of the synthesized compounds were examined using a slightly modified procedure of carrageenan- induced hind paw edema assay in rats ( 21 ). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 7 separate groups including carrageenan group (injected with carrageenan only), negative control (injected with carrageenan, and orally fed 0.9% NaCl saline), positive control (aceclofenac, 100 mg/kg) and the four synthesized compounds (100 mg/kg) group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and evaluation of pharmacological activities of some 3-O-benzyl-4-C-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-ribofuranose derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents and analgesics

et al. 2020

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Background and purpose: α-D-ribofuranose analogues are reported to have multifarious biological properties such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. The present study aims to synthesize some α-D- ribofuranose derivatives and investigate their biological properties. Experimental approach: Four derivatives ( 2a , 2b , 3 , and 4 ) were synthesized from the starting material 3-O- benzyl-4-C-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-ribofuranose via subsequent benzylation, tosylation, and acetylation reactions in good yields. The compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic methods such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 HNMR), and then evaluated for various pharmacological activities using standard in vitro and in vivo procedures. Findings / Results: Compound 2a (50 mg/kg) exhibited both central and peripheral analgesic activity in the tail immersion test (2.52 ± 0.14 min tail flicking reaction time after 30 min from administration, P < 0.001) and the acetic acid-induced writhing test (65.33 ± 2.06% reduction in abdominal writhing, P < 0.001) respectively. In the anti-inflammatory assay, percent paw edema inhibition of carrageenan-induced rats for compounds 2a and 4 (100 mg/kg) after 4 h of administration were 82.6% ( P < 0.001) and 87.6% ( P < 0.001), respectively. The compounds were also tested for antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, antimicrobial property in disk diffusion assay, and cytotoxicity in HeLa cell line; however, no significant results were observed in any of those tests. Conclusion and Implications: Our study indicated that some of the synthesized compounds exhibited promising analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and may serve as potential lead compounds.

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“…Management of the underlying diseases along with symptomatic therapy are the main stay of treating neuropathic pain [4]. Gabapentin, pregabalin, tricyclic antidepressants, and duloxetine are among the drugs that reduce the pain associated with neuropathy and are generally well tolerated [5][6][7][8][9]. Simultaneous treatment with tramadol, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), or low-dose narcotics may be necessary in some patients for occasional flair-up of pain conditions [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic Effects of the Cressa Cretica Extract on Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats, and the Potential Role of Opioid Receptors

Zabihi

Ranjbar

Mosaddegh

et al. 2021

IJT

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Background: Damages to the peripheral fibers of sensory nerve cells and central neurons cause neuropathic pain. Manifestations of neuropathic pain occur in various conditions, including diabetes mellitus, chemotherapy, and as the side effects of some medications. Cressa cretica has long been used in traditional medicine for pain control. This study was conducted to determine the role of opioid receptors in the analgesic effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of C. cretica in an experimental model of neuropathic pain. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of C. cretica was prepared, and its total phenolic and flavonoid contents were standardized. Painful peripheral neuropathy was induced in rats by Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. To evaluate the effects of the extract, the animals were orally given C. cretica extract (300 mg/kg), gabapentin (70 mg/kg) or normal saline (4 mL/kg) on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after surgery, and behavioral tests were performed 45 minutes after taking the medications. To evaluate the role of the opioid receptors, Naloxone (1 mg/kg, IP) was given to rats treated with the extract 30 minutes after the extract and then the behavioral tests were performed after 15 minutes. Results: The hydroalcoholic extract of C. cretica attenuates neuropathic pain induced by CCI in rats. The extract works acutely and chronically, depending on the dosage and duration of use. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of C. cretica reduces CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats, and Naloxone, as an opioid receptor antagonist, inhibits this effect.

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Evaluation of the central and peripheral effects of doxepin on carrageenan-induced inflammatory paw edema in rat

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Synthesis and evaluation of pharmacological activities of some 3-O-benzyl-4-C-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-ribofuranose derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents and analgesics

Analgesic Effects of the Cressa Cretica Extract on Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats, and the Potential Role of Opioid Receptors

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