Evaluation of the catocene/graphene oxide nanocomposite catalytic activity on ammonium perchlorate thermal decomposition

Abstract

A novel nanocomposite catalyst for thermal degradation of the ammonium perchlorate (AP) has been synthesized, and its effect on the thermal behavior of AP has been investigated. Preparation of the catalyst was carried out via functionalization of the graphene oxide with phenyl isocyanate and its noncovalent bonding to catocene. The catalytic activity of the catalyst was studied by thermal gravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry at various heating rates. In addition, the effect of the catalyst on the AP thermal decomposition has been investigated by Kissinger and Friedman methods as two model‐free methods for calculation of the activation energy parameter. According to the Kissinger method calculations, the Ea of AP decomposition reduced about 151 kJ⋅mol−1 lower than the reported value for pure AP in the presence of the catalyst. Calculation of the Ea value for various reaction conversion rates by the Friedman method also confirmed the Kissinger method results.

Synthesis of Covalently Modified Energetic Graphene Oxide/CuO Composites with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

“…Moreover, some studies have shown that adding about 3 wt % energetic combustion catalysts into the propellant can improve the specific impulse of the system by 1–3 s, which greatly compensates for the energy loss caused by the introduction of inert combustion catalysts. , The GO sheets contained many oxygen-containing functional groups (such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups), which provides the possibility to carry out many functional modifications such as esterification and amidation. − Hostert obtained the imidazole (IMZ)-functionalized GO (GOIMZ) by modifying 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole (API) on the GO surface via an amide bond, using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N -hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) for activating the carboxylate sites of GO. Furthermore, Sa’at successfully prepared functionalized graphene oxide (f-GO) by covalently modifying phenylisocyanate on the surface of GO, and then obtained a catocene/f-GO composite catalyst through physical interaction between catocene and GO. By means of covalent modification, energetic components are modified on the surface of GO, so as to promote the perfect combination of excellent physical and chemical properties between GO and energetic materials. , …”

“… 25 − 28 Hostert 29 obtained the imidazole (IMZ)-functionalized GO (GOIMZ) by modifying 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole (API) on the GO surface via an amide bond, using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N -hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) for activating the carboxylate sites of GO. Furthermore, Sa’at 30 successfully prepared functionalized graphene oxide (f-GO) by covalently modifying phenylisocyanate on the surface of GO, and then obtained a catocene/f-GO composite catalyst through physical interaction between catocene and GO. By means of covalent modification, energetic components are modified on the surface of GO, so as to promote the perfect combination of excellent physical and chemical properties between GO and energetic materials.…”