Evaluation of the cargo contents and potential role of extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis

Xu, Jiajie; Chen, Yu; Yu, Dongsheng; Zhang, Li; Dou, Xiaofan; Wu, Gang; Wang, Yaping; Zhang, Shuijun

doi:10.18632/aging.203264

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Evidence suggests that aging modifies EV cargo, particularly the miRNA expression in mice. EVs from aged mice showed an increased expression of miR-146a, miR-21, miR-22, miR-223, miR-145, and let-7a compared to the EVs of young individuals [ 81 ].…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles As Biomarkers In Aging and Age-associ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles as “Very Important Particles” (VIPs) in Aging

Mas-Bargues

Alique

2023

IJMS

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In recent decades, extracellular vesicles have been recognized as “very important particles” (VIPs) associated with aging and age-related disease. During the 1980s, researchers discovered that these vesicle particles released by cells were not debris but signaling molecules carrying cargoes that play key roles in physiological processes and physiopathological modulation. Following the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) recommendation, different vesicle particles (e.g., exosomes, microvesicles, oncosomes) have been named globally extracellular vesicles. These vesicles are essential to maintain body homeostasis owing to their essential and evolutionarily conserved role in cellular communication and interaction with different tissues. Furthermore, recent studies have shown the role of extracellular vesicles in aging and age-associated diseases. This review summarizes the advances in the study of extracellular vesicles, mainly focusing on recently refined methods for their isolation and characterization. In addition, the role of extracellular vesicles in cell signaling and maintenance of homeostasis, as well as their usefulness as new biomarkers and therapeutic agents in aging and age-associated diseases, has also been highlighted.

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Section: Extracellular Vesicles As Biomarkers In Aging and Age-associ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles as “Very Important Particles” (VIPs) in Aging

Mas-Bargues

Alique

2023

IJMS

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“…Their research showed that ASC-EVs are very promising as acellular therapeutics for the treatment of osteoporosis. All in all, many studies have proved that the protein in EVs plays a significant role in the progress of osteoporosis with potential therapeutic value for osteoporosis [ 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: The Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Evs In Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Osteoporosis: A Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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As an insidious metabolic bone disease, osteoporosis plagues the world, with high incidence rates. Patients with osteoporosis are prone to falls and becoming disabled, and their cone fractures and hip fractures are very serious, so the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis is very urgent. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles secreted from cells to the outside of the cell and they are wrapped in a bilayer of phospholipids. According to the size of the particles, they can be divided into three categories, namely exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. The diameter of exosomes is 30–150 nm, the diameter of microvesicles is 100–1000 nm, and the diameter of apoptotic bodies is about 50–5000 nm. EVs play an important role in various biological process and diseases including osteoporosis. In this review, the role of EVs in osteoporosis is systematically reviewed and some insights for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis are provided.

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“…Actually, a specific, dysregulated miRNAs signature has been described in plasma/serum EVs of some pathological conditions, including bone disease. This is quite valuable in silent pathologies, such as OP, which has no clinical manifestation until a fracture occurs, being that these circulating miRNAs, proposed as potential biomarkers, are capable of predicting the risk of fracture [33,34]. Next, we will discuss the current knowledge about the bone-relevant cell types that secrete osteoanabolic EVs and the current identified mechanisms, mainly driven by miRNAs (and some proteins, to a lesser extent) (Table 1), by which these EVs exert their function in target cells.…”

Section: Ev Sources For Bone Regeneration and Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educating EVs to Improve Bone Regeneration: Getting Closer to the Clinic

Infante

Alcorta-Sevillano

Macías

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The incidence of bone-related disorders is continuously growing as the aging of the population in developing countries continues to increase. Although therapeutic interventions for bone regeneration exist, their effectiveness is questioned, especially under certain circumstances, such as critical size defects. This gap of curative options has led to the search for new and more effective therapeutic approaches for bone regeneration; among them, the possibility of using extracellular vesicles (EVs) is gaining ground. EVs are secreted, biocompatible, nano-sized vesicles that play a pivotal role as messengers between donor and target cells, mediated by their specific cargo. Evidence shows that bone-relevant cells secrete osteoanabolic EVs, whose functionality can be further improved by several strategies. This, together with the low immunogenicity of EVs and their storage advantages, make them attractive candidates for clinical prospects in bone regeneration. However, before EVs reach clinical translation, a number of concerns should be addressed. Unraveling the EVs’ mode of action in bone regeneration is one of them; the molecular mediators driving their osteoanabolic effects in acceptor cells are now beginning to be uncovered. Increasing the functional and bone targeting abilities of EVs are also matters of intense research. Here, we summarize the cell sources offering osteoanabolic EVs, and the current knowledge about the molecular cargos that mediate bone regeneration. Moreover, we discuss strategies under development to improve the osteoanabolic and bone-targeting potential of EVs.

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Evaluation of the cargo contents and potential role of extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Extracellular Vesicles as “Very Important Particles” (VIPs) in Aging

Extracellular Vesicles as “Very Important Particles” (VIPs) in Aging

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Osteoporosis: A Scoping Review

Educating EVs to Improve Bone Regeneration: Getting Closer to the Clinic

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