Evaluation of the capability of the PCV2 genome to encode miRNAs: lack of viral miRNA expression in an experimental infection

Núñez-Hernández, Fernando; Pérez, Lester J.; Vera, Gonzalo; Cordoba, Shaun-Paul; Segalés, Joaquím; Sánchez, Armand; Núñez, José I.

doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0181-4

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In this study, we have found that ASFV, under these experimental conditions, does not express viral miRNAs like other viruses such as Cowpox virus or Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) [ 34 , 35 ]. Interestingly, in a recent and exhaustive work carried out by Jaing et al about gene expression in blood of ASFV-infected pigs, wherein some DE host miRNA have been identified, viral miRNAs are not described [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

African swine fever virus does not express viral microRNAs in experimentally infected pigs

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of African swine fever (ASF), a re-expanding devastating and highly lethal hemorrhagic viral disease. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. The discovery of virus specific miRNAs has increased both in number and importance in the past few years. We have recently described the differential expression of several porcine miRNAs during in vivo infection with attenuated and virulent ASFV strains. Here, we have extended these studies trying to identify the presence of viral miRNAs encoded by ASFV in an in vivo infection in pigs.ResultsSixteen small RNA libraries were analyzed from spleen and submandibular lymph nodes obtained from eight pigs, seven infected with either the virulent E75 ASFV strain or its attenuated counterpart E75CV1, or from pigs surviving E75CV1-infection and challenged with BA71 (heterologous challenge) and one non infected as negative control. Samples were recovered at different times post-infection. Libraries were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Some viral miRNA candidates were initially identified, which did not correspond to porcine miRNAs. Further structural analyses were carried out in order to confirm if they met the conformational requirements to be considered a viral miRNA.ConclusionsThe analysis of sixteen small RNA libraries prepared from two different tissues obtained from pigs experimentally infected with E75, E75CV1 or with E75CV1 plus BA71, revealed the presence of six potential miRNA sequences but none of them met the requirements to be considered as viral miRNAs. Thus, we can conclude that ASFV does not express miRNAs in vivo, at least under the experimental conditions described here.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

African swine fever virus does not express viral microRNAs in experimentally infected pigs

et al. 2018

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“…In contrast, viral miRNAs were also reported to participate in viral or host cellular gene expression [80]. However, the PCV2 genome does not encode any known miRNAs that are expressed in vivo during subclinical infection [81].…”

Section: Cellular Micrornas Involved In Pcv2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Interactions of porcine circovirus 2 with its hosts

2016

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Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) can cause porcine circovirus diseases and porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVD/PCVAD), which are widely presented in swine-producing countries. Since the discovery of this virus, considerable efforts have been devoted to understanding this pathogen and its interactions with its host. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on interactions between host cell factors and PCV2 with respect to viral proliferation, virus-induced cell apoptosis and autophagy, and host antiviral defenses during PCV2 infection. We also review mouse model systems for PCV2 infection.

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“…The altered expression of cellular miRNAs may facilitate and/or restrict viral replication by deregulating their target genes after viral infections [13]. No miRNAs encoded by PCV2 genomic DNA were detected in tonsil and mediastinal lymph node tissues from PCV2-infected pigs [14], hence, PCV2 may completely invade and colonize other life processes by regulating host miRNAs. The miRNA expression pattern in PCV2 of sub-clinically infected pigs, non-infected pigs, and PK-15 cells expressing each of the three PCV2-encoded open reading frames (ORFs) have been reported [15,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCV2 Regulates Cellular Inflammatory Responses through Dysregulating Cellular miRNA-mRNA Networks

Chang

Sun

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is closely linked to postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and other PCV-associated diseases (PCVADs), which influence the global pig industry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved classes of endogenous small non-coding RNA that regulate almost every cellular process. According to our previous transcription study, PCV2 infection causes up-regulation of genes related to inflammation. To reveal the function of miRNAs in PCV2 infection and PCV2-encoded miRNAs, next generation sequencing and data analysis was performed to explore miRNA expression in PCV2-infected cells and non-infected cells. Data analysis found some small RNAs matched the PCV2 genome but PCV2 does not express miRNAs in an in vitro infection (PK-15 cells). More than 297 known and 427 novel miRNAs were identified, of which 44 miRNAs were differently expressed (DE). The pathways of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway (P00031), were more perturbed in PCV2-infected cells than in mock controls. DE miRNAs and DE mRNA interaction network clearly revealed that PCV2 regulates the cellular inflammatory response through dysregulating the cellular miRNA-mRNA network. MiRNA overexpression and down-expression results demonstrated that miRNA dysregulation could affect PCV2 infection-induced cellular inflammatory responses. Our study revealed that host miRNA can be dysregulated by PCV2 infection and play an important role in PCV2-modulated inflammation.

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Evaluation of the capability of the PCV2 genome to encode miRNAs: lack of viral miRNA expression in an experimental infection

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

African swine fever virus does not express viral microRNAs in experimentally infected pigs

African swine fever virus does not express viral microRNAs in experimentally infected pigs

Interactions of porcine circovirus 2 with its hosts

PCV2 Regulates Cellular Inflammatory Responses through Dysregulating Cellular miRNA-mRNA Networks

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