Evaluation of the biocompatibility of experimentally manufactured Portland cement: an animal study

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of MTA and the experimentally manufactured portland cement (EMPC). Study design: Twenty one Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were allocated to testing of three groups. Group I and Group II included ProRoot MTA and the EMPC. The materials were mixed with distilled water and placed in polyethylene tubes. The tubes were implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal region of the animals. Group III served as control; the implanted polyethylene tubes remained empty. At 7, 14, and 28 days after the implantation, the animals were sacrificed and the implants were removed with the surrounding tissues. The specimens were prepared for histological examination to evaluate the inflammatory response. Results: No significant difference was found between tissue reactions against the tested materials (p>0.05). Also, control group showed similar results (p>0.05). Conclusions: Results suggest that the EMPC has the potential to be used in clinical conditions in which ProRoot MTA is indicated. MTA and the EMPC show comparable biocompatibility when evaluated in vivo. Although the results are supportive for the EMPC, more studies are required before the safe clinical use of the EMPC. Key words:Mineral trioxide aggregate, portland cement, subcutanous implantation.

Pulp tissue response to Portland cement associated with different radio pacifying agents on pulpotomy of human primary molars

“…In vivo evaluation of tissue response to PC has been mainly performed in rats, showing mild to absent inflammatory cells infiltration and dense connective tissue, indicating repair process (de Morais et al ., ; Shahi et al ., ; Marques et al ., ; Koçak et al ., ; Marciano et al ., ; Silva et al ., ). Several studies state that inflammatory tissue response to PC decreases over time (Menezes et al ., ; Shahi et al ., ; Kurita et al ., ; Marques et al ., ; Koçak et al ., ; Marciano et al ., ). Regarding the association of radiopacifying agents to PC, de Morais et al .…”

“…To judge pulp capping materials effectiveness, histopathological tissue evaluation might be performed in addition to clinical trials, because toxic constituents of the cements may induce irritation or even tissue degeneration (Coutinho-Filho et al, 2008;Lourenço-Neto et al, 2014). In vivo evaluation of tissue response to PC has been mainly performed in rats, showing mild to absent inflammatory cells infiltration and dense connective tissue, indicating repair process (de Morais et al, 2006;Shahi et al, 2010;Marques et al, 2013;Koçak et al, 2014;Marciano et al, 2014b;Silva et al, 2014). Several studies state that inflammatory tissue response to PC decreases over time (Menezes et al, 2004;Shahi et al, 2010;Kurita et al, 2013;Marques et al, 2013;Koçak et al, 2014;Marciano et al, 2014b).…”

The use of a biocompatible cement in endodontic surgery. A randomized clinical trial 1

“…Comparisons of Portland cement used in civil construction with MTA have indicated that both materials have similar composition and physical and biological properties 3,18,19,29,30 . These studies suggest further investigation of the feasibility of using Portland cement as an endodontic material.…”

“…The major components of Portland cement are comparable to those of MTA, except for the radiopaque agent bismuth oxide [13][14][15] . Other similarities between the two materials include antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility 3,13,[16][17][18][19][20] . Previous studies indicate the potential viability of using Portland cement in the same applications as MTA.…”

Effect of different mixing methods on the physical properties of Portland cement

“…The results have shown no differences in the antibacterial activities of these two materials (8). None of these two materials are cytotoxic or genotoxic and they both exhibit similar cellular reactions (10). The amount of arsenic released from both materials is similar and below the toxic levels (7).…”