Evaluation of the bacterial microflora of the conjunctival sac of healthy dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis

Furiani, Nicla; Scarampella, Fabia; Martino, Piera Anna; Panzini, Ilaria; Fabbri, Elisabetta; Ordeix, Laura

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.00979.x

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Using culture-based methods, the skin and nasal mucous membranes of atopic human patients [15], [44] and dogs [21], [45] are more often colonized with S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius , respectively, than healthy patients. Based on 16S rRNA pyrosequencing data, S. aureus markedly dominated affected skin regions, more commonly the antecubital and popliteal creases, in children with AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Skin Microbiome in Healthy and Allergic Dogs

et al. 2014

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BackgroundChanges in the microbial populations on the skin of animals have traditionally been evaluated using conventional microbiology techniques. The sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes has revealed that the human skin is inhabited by a highly diverse and variable microbiome that had previously not been demonstrated by culture-based methods. The goals of this study were to describe the microbiome inhabiting different areas of the canine skin, and to compare the skin microbiome of healthy and allergic dogs.Methodology/Principal FindingsDNA extracted from superficial skin swabs from healthy (n = 12) and allergic dogs (n = 6) from different regions of haired skin and mucosal surfaces were used for 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Principal coordinates analysis revealed clustering for the different skin sites across all dogs, with some mucosal sites and the perianal regions clustering separately from the haired skin sites. The rarefaction analysis revealed high individual variability between samples collected from healthy dogs and between the different skin sites. Higher species richness and microbial diversity were observed in the samples from haired skin when compared to mucosal surfaces or mucocutaneous junctions. In all examined regions, the most abundant phylum and family identified in the different regions of skin and mucosal surfaces were Proteobacteria and Oxalobacteriaceae. The skin of allergic dogs had lower species richness when compared to the healthy dogs. The allergic dogs had lower proportions of the Betaproteobacteria Ralstonia spp. when compared to the healthy dogs.Conclusions/SignificanceThe study demonstrates that the skin of dogs is inhabited by much more rich and diverse microbial communities than previously thought using culture-based methods. Our sequence data reveal high individual variability between samples collected from different patients. Differences in species richness was also seen between healthy and allergic dogs, with allergic dogs having lower species richness when compared to healthy dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Skin Microbiome in Healthy and Allergic Dogs

et al. 2014

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“…Flare states in atopic humans and dogs are associated with colonization and/or superficial infection by Staphylococcus species: S. aureus in humans and S. pseudintermedius or S. schleiferi in dogs (Fazakerley et al, 2009; Furiani et al, 2011; Kong et al, 2012; Leyden et al, 1974; Santoro et al, 2015). Recent studies in an Adam17-deficient mouse model suggest that S. aureus drives lesion formation (Kobayashi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Skin Microbiome and Association with Microenvironment and Treatment in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Bradley

Morris

Rankin

et al. 2016

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

137

176

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Host-microbe interactions may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by universal colonization with Staphylococcus. To examine the relationship between epidermal barrier function and the cutaneous microbiota in AD, this study employed a spontaneous model of canine AD (cAD). In a cohort of 14 dogs with cAD, the skin microbiota was longitudinally evaluated with parallel assessment of skin barrier function at disease flare, during antimicrobial therapy and posttherapy. Sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed decreased bacterial diversity and increased proportions of Staphylococcus (S. pseudintermedius in particular) and Corynebacterium in comparison to a cohort of healthy control dogs (n=16). Treatment restored bacterial diversity with decreased Staphylococcus proportions, concurrent with decreased cAD severity. Skin barrier function, as measured by corneometry, pH, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) also normalized with treatment. Bacterial diversity correlated with TEWL and pH, but not corneometry. These findings provide insights into the relationship between the cutaneous microbiome and skin barrier function in AD, the impact of antimicrobial therapy on the skin microbiome, and highlight the utility of cAD as a spontaneous non-rodent model of AD.

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“…One study looked at how the microbiota in dogs change with atopic flares and treatments, and found that treatment results in normalization of the bacterial communities [19]. Dogs with allergic skin disease, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), are colonized by a different microbiota than healthy dogs [9, 19, 23, 24]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feline skin microbiota: The bacteria inhabiting the skin of healthy and allergic cats

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe skin is inhabited by a multitude of microorganisms. An imbalance of these microorganisms is associated with disease, however, the causal relationship between skin microbiota and disease remains unknown. To describe the cutaneous bacterial microbiota of cats and determine whether bacterial dysbiosis occurs on the skin of allergic cats, the skin surfaces on various regions of 11 healthy cats and 10 allergic cats were sampled.Methodology/Principal findingsGenomic DNA was extracted from skin swabs and sequenced using primers that target the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA. The bacterial sequences from healthy cats revealed that there are differences in species diversity and richness between body sites and different epithelial surfaces. Bacterial communities preferred body site niches in the healthy cats, however, the bacterial communities on allergic cat skin tended to be more unique to the individual cat. Overall, the number of bacterial species was not significantly different between the two health status groups, however, the abundances of these bacterial species were different between healthy and allergic skin. Staphylococcus, in addition to other taxa, was more abundant on allergic skin.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study reveals that there are more bacterial species inhabiting the skin of cats than previously thought and provide some evidence of an association between dysbiosis and skin disease.

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Evaluation of the bacterial microflora of the conjunctival sac of healthy dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

The Skin Microbiome in Healthy and Allergic Dogs

The Skin Microbiome in Healthy and Allergic Dogs

Longitudinal Evaluation of the Skin Microbiome and Association with Microenvironment and Treatment in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

The feline skin microbiota: The bacteria inhabiting the skin of healthy and allergic cats

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