Evaluation of the association of bruxism, psychosocial and sociodemographic factors in preschoolers

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate factors associated with sleep bruxism in five-year-old preschool children. A preschool-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 761 pairs of children and their parents/caregivers. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed using a questionnaire administered to the parents/caregivers, who also answered questionnaires addressing sociodemographic data and parent's/caregiver's sense of coherence. Clinical oral evaluations of the children to determine dental caries, traumatic dental injuries, malocclusion and tooth wear were performed by two researchers who had undergone a training exercise (interexaminer Kappa: 0.70 to 0.91; intraexaminer Kappa: 0.81 to 1.00). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression for complex samples were carried out (α = 5%). The prevalence of sleep bruxism among the preschool children was 26.9%. The multivariate analysis revealed that bruxism was associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 2.93; 95 CI: 1.52-5.65) and tooth wear (OR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.39-3.96). In the present study, sleep bruxism among preschool children was associated with tooth wear and poor sleep quality of the child. In contrast, psychosocial aspects (sense of coherence) were not associated with sleep bruxism.

Knowledge of parents/caregivers about the sleep bruxism of their children from all five Brazilian regions: A multicenter study

“…The total prevalence of children with SB reported by parents/caregivers in total sample agrees with other studies results . SB prevalence among children has a high variability, due to different methodologies for diagnosing and age evaluated .…”

“…The total prevalence of children with SB reported by parents/caregivers in total sample agrees with other studies results. 5,8,[21][22][23][24] SB prevalence among children has a high variability, due to different methodologies for diagnosing and age evaluated. 9 This study found differences in possible SB's T A B L E 6 (Continued) prevalence between Brazilian regions, even though the same methodology was applied and child's median age did not vary much.…”

Association of gender, oral habits, and poor sleep quality with possible sleep bruxism in schoolchildren

“…These results are in agreement with those of other studies. 13,17,19 Parents consider sleep quality to be poor due to teeth grinding, nightmares, and restless sleep. Parents must observe the frequency of their children's inadequate sleep, as small awakenings result in sleep fragmentation, resulting in poor and restless sleep.…”

“…Parents could choose either of the following responses to describe their children's behavior: "quiet," "happy," "hectic," "anxious," "aggressive," "shy," or "sad." Questions about oral habits (nail biting, object biting, and lip biting) 13 and children's report of headache or earache 17 were also included.…”

“…10,11 There is evidence of factors such as sleep disorders, breathing problems, chronotype, among others, associated with sleep bruxism. 5,6,12,13 Some factors have a low quality of evidence, such as deleterious oral habits; however, these factors are often reported by parents. Population-based studies on the etiology and possible factors associated with sleep bruxism in children, given its multifactorial nature, should provide consistent data.…”