Evaluation of the Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Aqueous Root and Stem Bark Extract of Annona Senegalensis.

Abstract

Diarrhoea is a leading cause of deaths amongst children below five years. Annona senegalensis plant is used traditionally to treat diarrhoea. This study aims at evaluating the antidiarrhoeal potency of the aqueous root and stem bark extracts of Annona senegalensis. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous extracts of the root bark (ARB), stem bark (ASB) and mixture of stem and root barks (AM) of Annona senegalensis were assessed. Stool inhibition, enteropooling, inhibition of gastro-intestinal motility and electrolyte secretion potential of the extracts were assessed in castor oil-induced diarrhoeic rats following administration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight ASB, ARB and AM. The aqueous stem bark (ASB) had the greatest total antioxidant capacity, H2O2 scavenging activity and the ferric reducing assay power. The zone of inhibition of AM against Escherichia coli, Bacillus aureus and Shigella dysentriae was greater than 6 mm. All the extracts inhibited stooling by a percentage ranging from 17-24.7 but was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the standard drug (30.0%). Inhibition of gastrointestinal tract transit was significantly increased by all the extracts but low dose (100 mg/kg b. wt. of ARB and ASB) significantly increased it the most. The weight and volume of intestinal fluid was significantly decreased by 100 mg/kg b. wt. ARB. The mixture (AM) exhibited synergistic antimicrobial effect. The aqueous stem bark exhibited good antioxidant property, antisecretory and proabsorptive property while the root exhibited good antienteropooling activity. Isolation of bioactive compounds in the extracts should be carried out.

Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Activity of &lt;i&gt;Annona senegalensis, Ipomoea batatas, Terminalia superba&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Psidium guajava&lt;/i&gt; Linn Extracts Used in Benin

“…Moreover, Ahmed reported that the H 2 O 2 scavenging activity and the ferric reducing assay power of A. senegalensis extracts was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than ascorbic acid. The same author reported that the ferric thiocyanate scavenging activity and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) activity of all the extracts of A. senegalensis were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than that of ascorbic acids [30].…”

Health‐promoting foods and food crops ofWest‐Africaorigin: The bioactive compounds and immunomodulating potential

“…senegalensis plant has been demonstrated properties including antibacterial (Ahmed et al, 2020;Lall et al, 2017), anticonvulsant, antiinflammatory (Konaté et al, 2021;Tamfu et al, 2021), antidiarrhea (Ahmed et al, 2020;Djoza et al, 2017), antimalarial (Ngwewondo et al, 2019), smooth muscle relaxant (Adisa et al, 2019), and sedative, central nervous depressant, and anticonvulsant (Adisa et al, 2019).…”

“…In Benin, Nigeria, Togo, for example, local livestock farmers depend on the plant as an anthelminthic. A. senegalensis plant has been demonstrated properties including antibacterial (Ahmed et al, 2020; Lall et al, 2017), anticonvulsant, anti‐inflammatory (Konaté et al, 2021; Tamfu et al, 2021), antidiarrhea (Ahmed et al, 2020; Djoza et al, 2017), antimalarial (Ngwewondo et al, 2019), smooth muscle relaxant (Adisa et al, 2019), and sedative, central nervous depressant, and anticonvulsant (Adisa et al, 2019). The usefulness of the plant for medicinal purposes has been attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) including alkaloids (Inkoto et al, 2018), anthocyanins (Konaté et al, 2021), flavonoids (Lall et al, 2017), glycosides (Musa et al, 2017; Tamfu et al, 2021), steroids (Konaté et al, 2021), tannins (Musa et al, 2017), and saponins and volatile oils (Ibrahim et al, 2019).…”

“…The usefulness of the plant for medicinal purposes has been attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) including alkaloids (Inkoto et al, 2018), anthocyanins (Konaté et al, 2021), flavonoids (Lall et al, 2017), glycosides (Musa et al, 2017; Tamfu et al, 2021), steroids (Konaté et al, 2021), tannins (Musa et al, 2017), and saponins and volatile oils (Ibrahim et al, 2019). The stem extracts of this plant also showed antioxidant and radical scavenging activities (Ahmed et al, 2020). The previous study had indicated the isolation of 19 monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes from essential oils of the A. senegalensis leaves (Yisa et al, 2010).…”

Phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of the antiarthritic activity of Nigella sativa L. seeds extracts

“…These molecules, although effective from 15 to 20% [2]. The very wide uses of medicinal plants for centuries by humans for treating various common pathologies prompted researchers to study the activities and pharmacological properties of different plant metabolites to confirm its properties on the one hand and on the other hand to identify the active ingredients at the origin of these virtues and consequently the use of these natural medicines wisely in primary care systems [3][4][5]. Some plants can be a major source of drugs due to their richness in secondary metabolites, these make and remain the subject of many researches, in particular the research of new natural constituents such as phenolic compounds, saponosides, alkaloids and essential oils [6,7].…”