Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effects and Mechanism of Plantaricin 149 from Lactobacillus Plantarum NRIC 149 on the Peri-Implantitis Pathogens

Abstract

Peri-implantitis is a common reversible disease after tooth implantation, caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Based on non-surgical or surgical treatment principles, supplementation by local or systemic drugs might enhance treatment efficacy. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) (ATCC 33277) and Prevotella intermedius (Pi) (ATCC 25611) were used as test strains. The effects of Pln 149 on the biofilm formation and growth of four periodontal pathogens were evaluated by RT-PCR, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial mechanism was tested by the patch-clamp technique. The cytotoxicity of Pln 149 (125 µg/ml) to bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) was assessed using an MTT assay. Pln 149 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on Pg and Pi (P<0.05), with significant differences in the biofilm images of fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope (P<0.05). Pln 149 could change the sodium channel currents and exerted no cytotoxicity on bone marrow stromal cell. Pln 149 could inhibit the biofilm formation and growth of periodontal pathogens. Considering the absence of antimicrobial resistance and cytotoxicity, we suggest that the Pln 149 from Lactobacillus plantarum 149 might be a promising option for managing peri-implantitis.

Comparison of antibacterial effect of plantaricin 149 suspension and traditional root canal irrigation solutions in root canal infections in vitro

“…Recent research has shown that the bacterial population in the biofilm works like a 'bacterial brain, ' which means bacteria could communicate with each other through ion channel-mediated electric signals [33]. Our previous study showed that Pln 149 could inhibit ion channels [29], and in our current experiment, Pln 149 showed strong anti-biofilm effects on root canal biofilms. With no cytotoxicity to human dental pulp stem cells, Pln 149 offers promising applications as an irrigation solution and disinfection medicament in root canals.…”

“…They are almost found only in infected root canals, with a high detection rate, and are considered to be the core bacteria in the infected root canal. Our previous research showed that Pln 149 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis, indicating its potential value in root canal irrigation [29].…”