Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants against Enterococcus faecalis (in-vitro study)

Abstract

Background There is an increasing demand to find a potent antibacterial agent against endodontic pathogens with the least toxic effect. The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in comparison to calcium hydroxide paste. Methods The study involved two stages; (stage one): determination of the antibacterial properties of three strains of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants (PS); Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and a cocktail mix of the three supernatants against E. faecalis using agar well diffusion method in both solution and gel phase. The formed zones of inhibition (ZOI) were measured in millimeters (mm) and compared to each other. PS solution and gel of the largest ZOI were further compared with calcium hydroxide paste (35% Ultra Cal XS Ca(OH)2) This was followed by (stage two): assessment of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the PS that showed the largest ZOI against E. faecalis by agar well diffusion assay for both PS solution and gel. Results All supernatants showed growth inhibition against E. faecalis, and the cocktail mix showed the largest ZOI. However, no significant difference was found between the supernatants in both the solution and gel phases (p > 0.05). Ca(OH)2 showed a significantly lower effect than both the cocktail mix solution and gel (p < 0.05). The MIC of the cocktail mix solution and gel against E. faecalis was 50 mg/ml. (p > 0.05). Conclusion PS has an antibacterial effect on E. faecalis and was more effective than Ca(OH)2.Lactobacilli probiotics could be a promising antibacterial agent used as an irrigant or an intracanal medication.

Antibacterial effectiveness of multi-strain probiotics supernatants intracanal medication on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in a tooth model

“…The cell-free supernatant (CFS) was obtained by centrifuging the culture at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, then lyophilized using a vacuum freeze dryer (Model FDF 0350, Korea). In a previous study [ 27 ], the minimum concentration of MSP to initiate an inhibitory response against E. faecalis was 50 mg/ml as verified by agar well diffusion assay. Higher concentrations of MSP of 100, 200, and 300 mg/ml showed bigger zones of inhibition.…”

“…A cumulative antimicrobial effect of the supernatants of three probiotic strains ( Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14,917, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469, and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356) was tested against the E. faecalis species biofilm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MSP against E. faecalis in a planktonic state was determined by the agar well diffusion assay in a previous pilot study to be 50 mg/ml [ 27 ]. The present study used 300 mg/ml concentration as a higher concentration than MIC to increase the antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis in the biofilm stage in a tooth model.…”

“…They were grown individually on deMan Rogsa Sharpe (MRS) broth (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, India) aerobically for 48 hours at 37°C [ 27 ]. The pure isolate of Lactobacilli species suspension was propagated in a 100 ml flask containing MRS broth and incubated for 72 hours at 37°C.…”

Promiscuous, persistent and problematic: insights into current enterococcal genomics to guide therapeutic strategy

“…Phage derived lytic proteins are a therapeutic option against VRE for oral, wound, gut and bloodstream infections [ 176 , 177 ]. Evidence for the effectiveness of probiotics are found in references 198–194 [ 178 – 184 ]. b Biomedical applications of anti-VRE molecules, which can increase the specificity and half-life and broaden the application range.…”