Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmcodynamic compoents of naoxintong capsules as a basis of broad spectrum effects

Abstract

Context: Naoxintong capsule (NXT) is one of the most prevalent Traditional Chinese Medicine formulations in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD), yet the action of pharmacodynamic components remains unclear.Objective: To determine the basis by which pharmacodynamic components ofNXT may be effective in the treatment of CHD. Materials and methods: The protective effect of NXT (0.01-100 lg/mL) on 293 T and hy926 cells was determined by MTT assay for 24 h. Afterwards, to investigate the pharmacodynamic material basis of NXT in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, based on previous UPLC/Q-TOF analysis, 293 T and hy926 cells were divided into control (treated with solvent), model (incubated with TNF-a, LPS or H 2 O 2 ), intervention (treated with UPLC components) and positive groups. After 24 h of treatment, all cells were tested to verify the screening results. MOE software was applied to dock bioactive compounds with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), then the protein expression and phosphate levels were determined by western blotting. Results: NXT could significantly inhibit the expression of NF-jB, MMP-9 and NO in cells with IC 50 values of 0.1178, 0.1182 and 0.1094 lg/mL. Based on the screening results, six components of NXT were identified (calycosin, ferulic acid, salvianolic acid B, ononin, salvianolic acid E, and salvianolic acid F) which can inhibit NF-jB, MMP-9, and NO simultaneously, while exerting cytoprotective effects by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway under different conditions by virtue of their advantageous interaction with PI3K. Conclusions: These ingredients have outstanding therapeutic potential and may provide a scientific basis for the future application and research of NXT.

Dexamethasone Attenuates Oncostatin M Production via Suppressing of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling in Neutrophil-like Differentiated HL-60 Cells

“…The PI3K/Akt signal cascade is crucial in triggering and amplifying the cytokine network [ 38 ]. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is believed to play an important role in various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation [ 39 ]. Akt activation resulted in NF-κB activation [ 38 ].…”

Comprehensive effect of Naoxintong capsule combined with Western medicine on coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis

“…It has been previously demonstrated that inflammatory responses are pivotal in precipitating cardiovascular events in patients diagnosed with CHD ( Haybar et al, 2019 ). NXT can suppress intra-arterial inflammatory responses, thereby reducing serum levels of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) ( Luo and Liao, 2019 ), and metalloproteinase 9 ( Lv et al, 2021 ). This reduction in inflammatory indicators contributes to a decrease in the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients, thereby enhancing their prognosis.…”

The effectiveness and safety of Naoxintong capsules in the treatment of vascular dementia

“…At present, the clinical use of choline enzyme inhibitors and antioxidant drugs for treatment, but the effect is not ideal. Studies have shown that the NXTC inhibits nerve cell apoptosis and protects nerve function, while it promotes cerebrovascular dilation, improves blood supply to the brain, regulates microcirculation, promotes oxygen delivery, and relieves hypoxia, thereby improving nerve function in patients [14] . In addition, the tanshinone component contained in the drug has the effects of antagonizing the proliferation of glial cells and reducing the damage of nerve function [15] .…”

“…Studies have shown that the NXTC inhibits nerve cell apoptosis and protects nerve function, while it promotes cerebrovascular dilation, improves blood supply to the brain, regulates microcirculation, promotes oxygen delivery, and relieves hypoxia, thereby improving nerve function in patients. [14] In addition, the tanshinone component contained in the drug has the effects of antagonizing the proliferation of glial cells and reducing the damage of nerve function. [15] Although NXTC have been widely used by clinicians in the treatment of VaD, its effectiveness and safety are still controversial.…”