Evaluation of the Activity of some Plant Extracts and Malathion on the Control of Callosobruchus maculatus

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some plant extracts on the control of callosobruchus maculatus.The plant extracts were Cuminum cyminum seeds, Nerium oleander leaves, and Conocarpus erotica leaves at three concentrations: 0.5, 1, and 2% compared to the pesticide malathion 1.25ml. l-1 against the southern bean insect Callosobruchus maculatus. Results showed that the ethanolic Conocarpus erotica leaves extract 2% achieved the highest mortality percentages to eggs, larvae and pupae by the values 12.86, 77.14, and 17.12 %, compared to malathion, 77.7, 95.3, 70.36 % respectively, followed by ethanolic Nerium oleander leaves extract 2%. In contrast, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cuminum cyminum seeds performed the lowest effects. Repellent activities of Conocarpus erotica leaves and Nerium oleander leaves extracts gave a good and higher effect, especially with the highest concentration, 2%, and when extracted by ethanol. These extracts could be recommended in integrated pest management programs to protect cowpea seeds against Callosobruchus maculatus. Keywords:- Plant extracts, Mortality, Repellency effect, Callosobruchus maculatus.