Evaluation of the accuracy of BOTDA systems based on the phase spectral response

Lopez-Gil, Alexia; Soto, Marcelo A.; Angulo-Vinuesa, Xabier; Dominguez-Lopez, Alejandro; Martín‐López, Sonia; Thévenaz, Luc; Gonzalez-Herraez, Miguel

doi:10.1364/oe.24.017200

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…6, the local BGS and BPS profiles at the point of 18.05 km located in FUT II section are restored from the measured noisy curves. According to the definitions of SNR given in [21], the average SNR values of Brillouin gain and phase-shift spectra in Fig. 6 are calculated to be 6.04 dB and 4.63 dB, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brillouin phase shift detection enables dynamic measurement [8,16], and also increases the tolerance to non-local effect [9]. Moreover, Brillouin phase shift detection has shown similar BFS estimation performance [20,21]. As a result of this, the Brillouin gain and phase shift can be combined together to reduce the BFS uncertainty by using support vector machine (SVM) method [17] or complex Brillouin spectrum (CBS) fitting [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Averaging-free vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer assisted by reference probe lightwave

et al. 2018

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer (BOTDA) system, which enables both distributed Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) and Brillouin phase-shift spectrum (BPS) measurements without trace averaging. The proposed scheme generates and launches a reference light into the fiber under test (FUT), together with the Stokes probe light to indicate the phase noise and distortion in the probe. The commercial integrated coherent receiver at the detection end, using a local oscillator (LO) generated with single sideband (SSB) modulation, on the one hand, improves the signalto-noise ratio (SNR) to avoid the need of trace averaging for the signal acquisition. On the other hand, by processing and analyzing the receiver outputs at specific intermediate frequencies (IF), the amplitude and phase signals carried by the Stokes probe and the reference light can be resolved at once. In this way, both Brillouin gain and Brillouin phaseshift signals can be obtained simultaneously. By scanning the the Stokes probe light frequency and recording the Brillouin response at each scanning frequency, both distributions of Brillouin gain spectrum and phase-shift spectrum have been acquired. The configuration is approved by experiments carried out over an 18.2 km FUT with the spatial resolution of 2 m.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averaging-free vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer assisted by reference probe lightwave

et al. 2018

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“…Taking the relation of the SNR and number of averaging N AV into consideration, that is, SNR z ðÞ∝ ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi ffi N AV p , the frequency error will also decrease significantly after thousands of averages due to an enhanced SNR. Owing to the linear dependence of the Brillouin phase response in the vicinity of the BFS, the sensor performance can also be evaluated by the linear fitting of the BPS [53] with a narrow frequency scanning and reduced measurement time (see black curve and yellow line in Figure 6(b)).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Botda Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The State-of-the-Art of Brillouin Distributed Fiber Sensing

Feng¹,

Kadum²,

Schneider³

2019

Fiber Optic Sensing - Principle, Measurement and Applications

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The distributed Brillouin sensing technique has been developed rapidly since its first demonstration three decades ago. Numerous investigations on the performance enhancement of Brillouin sensors in respect to spatial resolution, sensing range, and measurement time have paved the way to its industrial and commercial applications. This chapter provides an overview of different Brillouin sensing techniques and mainly focuses on the most widely used one, the Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA). The history and the development of Brillouin sensing regarding the performance enhancement in various methods and their records will be reviewed, commented, and compared with each other. As well, related sensing errors and limitations will be discussed, together with the corresponding strategies to avoid them.

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“…However, in order to pick out the points with BFS from a noisy background, a proper threshold T is needed to distinguish subtracted gain from noise. Following the noise definition in [17,19,32], the variance along the fiber is calculated. In this manuscript, the noise is assumed to be similar along the fiber, and for convenience, T is defined as four times (i.e.…”

Section: Threshold For the Subtraction Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast information acquisition using spectra subtraction for Brillouin distributed fiber sensors

Guo

Cao

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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The traditional methods of extracting sensing information of a Brillouin distributed sensor is by curve fitting the Brillouin gain profiles along the fiber, we propose two concise and time-saving methods to process signals from only the frequency shifted section(s) of the fiber by subtracting the original spectrum from the sensing Brillouin spectrum. Experimental results validate that our methods can provide up to over 9 times faster information acquisition for a 10 km sensing fiber with 800 m frequency shifted section comparing with the traditional way. The proposed methods could be potentially attractive in getting information for the Brillouin distributed sensors as well as the Raman and Rayleigh distributed sensors especially when the processing speed is concerned.

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Evaluation of the accuracy of BOTDA systems based on the phase spectral response

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Averaging-free vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer assisted by reference probe lightwave

Averaging-free vector Brillouin optical time domain analyzer assisted by reference probe lightwave

The State-of-the-Art of Brillouin Distributed Fiber Sensing

Fast information acquisition using spectra subtraction for Brillouin distributed fiber sensors

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