EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR RECOVERY OF Angiostrongylus vasorum FROM Achatina fulica, A POTENTIAL INTERMEDIATE HOST

Coaglio, Aytube Lucas; Mozzer, Lanuze Rose; Corrêa, Deborah Negrão; Pereira, Cíntia Aparecida de Jesus; Lima, Walter dos Santos

doi:10.5216/rpt.v45i1.40272

Cited by 3 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The haemolymph was collected according to the changes of stages of A. vasorum in A. fulica ; these stages changes are described according to [ 6 ]. The days post infection (dpi) used in the experiment for recovering A. vasorum larval stages were 1, 8, 13 and 30 dpi, for recovering L1, L1 to L2, L2 to L3 and L3 stage, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The days post infection (dpi) used in the experiment for recovering A. vasorum larval stages were 1, 8, 13 and 30 dpi, for recovering L1, L1 to L2, L2 to L3 and L3 stage, respectively. The larval stages were identified using the descriptions of Bessa et al [ 28 ], Barçante et al [ 2 ] and Coaglio et al [ 6 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histological sections of 5 μm thickness were mounted on histological slides and stained with haematoxylin-eosin [ 32 ] and Fontana-Masson [ 33 ] and then examined using an Olympus BX41 microscope coupled to an Olympus DP12 digital camera. The remaining mollusc tissue was digested with 1% HCl and pepsin (VETEC, 100 units/ml) at 37 °C to estimate the parasite load [ 6 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Angiostrongylus vasorum parasitizes pulmonary arteries in domestic and wild Canidae and has terrestrial molluscs as intermediate hosts [ 1 – 6 ]. The molluscs are infected with first-stage (L1) larvae eliminated via the dogs’ faeces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of the PO pathway in controlling infection by nematode parasites is still poorly understood in molluscs and elucidating this process is crucial for understanding the defence mechanisms present in this intermediary host. Achatina fulica is less susceptible to A. vasorum in comparison with other molluscs and can be infected in laboratory conditions [ 6 ]. Here, we used A. fulica infected with A. vasorum to measure NO levels and characterise PO activity in the soluble fractions of the haemolymph using the substrates L-tyrosine, L-DOPA, and PPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of a phenoloxidase- and melanin-dependent defence mechanism in Achatina fulica infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAngiostrongylus vasorum has different freshwater aquatic and terrestrial gastropod molluscs as an intermediate host, e.g. Arion spp. The mollusc Achatina fulica is a danger to public health, given the large diversity of nematodes utilizing it as an intermediate host, such as the parasites of the genus Angiostrongylus, of importance in human and veterinary medicine. Achatina fulica has been shown to have an excellent capacity for maintaining outbreaks and natural infections with A. cantonensis in Asia. Within the mollusc, the nematode parasites activate haemocytes and/or haemolymph factors and in some invertebrates, phenoloxidase (PO), that induces the release of toxic elements and eliminates the parasites. Despite the importance of A. fulica in the life-cycle of nematodes, little is known regarding the defence mechanisms involving PO in molluscs infected with nematodes. Here, the presence of PO and nitric oxide (NO) in the haemolymph and haemocytes of A. fulica infected with first-stage (L1) larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum was evaluated, together with the presence of melanin in the cephalopod mollusc tissue.ResultsAn increase in PO at one day post infection (dpi), in comparison with the control using the substrates L-tyrosine (F(4,90) = 6.73, P = 0.00006), L-DOPA (F(4,90) = 22.67, P = 0.02) and p-phenylenediamine (PPD) (F(4,90) = 27.58, P = 0.0019), was observed. PO increase coincided with the presence of melanin in the cephalopodal tissue. At 8 dpi, PO activity, compared to L-DOPA (F(4,90) = 22.67, P = 0.00002) and PPD (F(4,90) = 27.58, P = 0.079) decreased, while melanin increased. At 13 dpi, PO decreased with PPD (F(4,90) = 27.58, P = 0.000015) and also the amount of melanin observed in histology. At 30 dpi, PO increased along with the substrates L-DOPA and PPD, while melanin decreased. NO levels increased until 8 dpi, and decreased after 13 dpi.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study that illustrates PO activity in a helminth-infected A. fulica and provides the first observation of an L-tyrosine dependent PO activity in molluscs infected with A. vasorum. This work suggests that PO pathway may help to control A. vasorum infection in A. fulica.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of a phenoloxidase- and melanin-dependent defence mechanism in Achatina fulica infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum

et al. 2018

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The invasive giant African land snail,Achatina fulica(Gastropoda: Pulmonata): global geographical distribution of this species as host of nematodes of medical and veterinary importance

et al. 2022

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The giant African land snail, Achatina fulica, is an important invasive species in many countries, where it causes losses in biodiversity and agriculture, as well as impacting the health of both humans and animals, as the intermediate host of medically important nematodes. The present study is based on a comprehensive review of the literature on the nematodes that have been found in association with A. fulica, worldwide. We searched a number of different databases and used the findings to investigate the methods used to extract and identify the nematodes, their larval stages, and environment and collecting procedures of the infected molluscs. Between 1965 and 2021, 11 nematode species were recorded in association with A. fulica in 21 countries. Most of the studies recorded associations between A. fulica and Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which causes cerebral angiostrongyliasis in humans and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, which provokes pneumonia in felines. The nematodes were extracted primarily by artificial digestion with hydrochloric acid or pepsin, and identified based on their morphology or through experimental infection to obtain the adult. In most cases, the nematodes were at larval stage L3, and the infected A. fulica were collected from anthropogenic environments. The results demonstrate the importance of A. fulica as a host of nematodes of medical and veterinary importance, as well the contribution of anthropogenic environments to the occurrence of the parasites, and give information about the different methods used to collect and identify the nematodes found associated with this species.

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New approaches to studying morphological details of intramolluscan stages of Angiostrongylus vasorum

Pereira¹,

Coaglio²,

Capettini³

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Abstract Angiostrongylus vasorum is a pulmonary artery parasite of domestic and wild canid. On molluscs, intermediate host, first stage larvae (L1) are found after the first day of infection, in the 8th L2 and in the 30 th L3. It was evaluated L1, L2 and L3 recovered by Baermann technique from Achatina fulica infected with 1000 L1. Fifty larvae/stage were incubated with antibodies anti-β-tubulin, anti-α-tubulin, anti- α-actin, anti-β-actin and anti-collagen, and then with Alexa 633. Fifty larvae/stage were observed with picrosirius red and Oil Red O. It was also observed in the anterior region of L1 the beginning of the chitinous stems development, in the initial portion of the intestine and genital primordium. In L2 anterior region, the papillae, chitinous canes juxtaposed to the mouth and intestines bigger than L1. The L3 musculature is well defined, next to the chitinous stems, there are two round distally arranged from each other. It was observed the whole extension of the intestine genital primordium and intense cellularity in the L3 distal portion. With the picrosirius red the L1, L2 and L3 musculature could be observed, as the nerve ganglia on L3. Oil Red O revealed that L1, L2 and L3 store energy on lipid droplets.

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EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR RECOVERY OF Angiostrongylus vasorum FROM Achatina fulica, A POTENTIAL INTERMEDIATE HOST

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Identification of a phenoloxidase- and melanin-dependent defence mechanism in Achatina fulica infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum

Identification of a phenoloxidase- and melanin-dependent defence mechanism in Achatina fulica infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum

The invasive giant African land snail,Achatina fulica(Gastropoda: Pulmonata): global geographical distribution of this species as host of nematodes of medical and veterinary importance

New approaches to studying morphological details of intramolluscan stages of Angiostrongylus vasorum

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