Evaluation of surface water quality by using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method and discriminant analysis method: a case study Coruh River Basin

Abstract

In this study, the water quality of the Coruh River Basin, which is located in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey, was evaluated. The water quality data measurement results obtained by the State Hydraulic Works 26th Regional Directorate from four different sites over a course of 4 years between the years 2011 and 2014 in the Coruh River Basin were used as the data. In this study, the water quality was evaluated by using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method and discriminant analysis (DA). The water quality of the Coruh River Basin was calculated as 30.4 and 71.35 by using the CCME WQI and classified as "poor," "marginal," and "fair". These values show that the water of the Coruh River Basin is degraded and under threat and its overall quality is not close to natural or desired levels. The monitoring sites were divided into two groups by the cluster analysis (CA). DA is a multivariate analysis technique used to divide individuals or objects into different groups and assign them into predetermined groups. As a result of DA, calcium (Ca) and sulfate (SO) were determined to be significant parameters in the determination of the water quality of the Coruh River Basin. The success of DA depends on the percentage of correct classification. As a result of the analysis, 23% of the parameters in the first measurement point, 69.2% of the parameters in the second and third measurement points, and 76.9% of the parameters in the fourth measurement point were classified correctly. Since the second measurement point is the discharge point of a copper mine, it can be said that the water quality parameters measured may provide accurate results in detecting pollution at this point.

Estimation of physicochemical characteristics and associated metal contamination risk in the Narmada River, India

“…It was focused to classify the suitability of river water for human use and identify the major pollutants present in the river. Globally, several water quality indices (WQI) have been developed for monitoring the surface WQ of freshwater bodies with respect to human use [16,17]. WQI is a concise and comprehensive method that expresses the river WQ or pollution status in a single number by aggregating the values of different physicochemical parameters [18].…”

Assessment of the Bulgarian Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Impact on the Receiving Water Bodies

“…Such monitoring programs generate a large amount of data with a complex structure and “hidden” knowledge concerning water quality. In many water quality assessment studies, multivariate statistical approaches are applied to retrieve important information concerning water quality management such as: (i) outlining similarity groups between water quality indicators and sampling sites [21,22,23,24,25]; (ii) identification of factors (sources) controlling water quality [17,21,23,24,25,26,27]; and (iii) revealing of spatial–temporal variations in the investigated water body [20,21,22,27,28]. Additionally, multivariate statistical results could be used for the optimization of water quality monitoring programs by revealing existing patterns of water quality indicators and sampling sites.…”

Određivanje Merodavnih Parametara Za Proračun Ccme Wqi

“…found that the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index CCME WQI is the strictest among the considered methods [5]. The CCME WQI method was considered by various researchers and a fair description can be found in [5,6,7,8]. Some of the issues that occur when dealing with measurements are given in [9,10].…”