Evaluation of Supplemental Choline for Reproducing Sows Housed in Total Confinement on Concrete or in Dirt Lots

Kornegay, E. T.; Meacham, T. N.

doi:10.2527/jas1973.372506x

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…For personal use only. Kornegay et al (1973) and in contrast to the observations of Kornegay and Meacham (1973 …”

contrasting

confidence: 85%

“…However, there are some concerns about the effect of confinement housing on reproductive performance. Kornegay et al (1973) and Kornegay and Meacham (1973) compared sow performance over five to six reproductive cycles on sows housed, during breeding and gestation, either on dirt lots or total confinement on concrete. In both studies, more litters were produced from sows housed on dirt lots than in total confinement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, litter size and weight at birth and weaning were not affected by the housing treatments. In the second study (Kornegay and Meacham 1973) sows housed on dirt lots as compared to confinement farrowed and weaned more piglets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Gestation Housing on Reproductive Performance of Yorkshire and Yorkshire × Lacombe Sows

Dyck¹,

Strain²,

Swierstra³

1985

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…For personal use only. Kornegay et al (1973) and in contrast to the observations of Kornegay and Meacham (1973 …”

contrasting

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Gestation Housing on Reproductive Performance of Yorkshire and Yorkshire × Lacombe Sows

Dyck¹,

Strain²,

Swierstra³

1985

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Choline is one of those supplements. It has been commonly used for many decades as an additive in sow feed and its beneficial effect on sow and piglet performance has been reported in several studies (Kornegay and Meacham, 1973). More recently, a study on supplementation of betaine, a metabolite of choline, reported significantly improved total tract digestibility of crude fat (CFAT), crude ash (CA) and fiber (CF) in weaned piglets without affecting digestibility of crude protein (CP) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) (Eklund et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of N,N-dimethylglycine supplementation in parturition feed for sows on metabolism, nutrient digestibility and reproductive performance

Cools

Maes

Buyse

et al. 2010

Animal

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The current pilot study assessed the influence of N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG) on insulin sensitivity, glucose and fat metabolism, nutrient digestibility and reproductive performance of sows in the peripartal period. At day 105 of gestation, 25 sows were randomly assigned to the control (n 5 13) or the DMG group (n 5 12). Sows from the DMG group were supplemented with 1 g DMG/kg feed until day 3 of lactation. After an overnight fast 1 day after farrowing, a blood sample of each sow was drawn. The plasma was analyzed for insulin, glucose, fructosamine, leptin, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and triglycerides (TG) and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. A rectal feces sample was collected and the apparent fecal digestibility (AFD) of crude fat (CFAT), crude protein (CP) and nitrogenfree extract (NFE) was calculated after proximate analyses. Finally, a colostrum sample was collected from each sow and analyzed for the presence of DMG. Reproductive performance parameters were recorded. The results showed an improvement in the AFD of CFAT, CP and NFE when DMG was supplemented. This beneficial effect confirms the hypothesis that DMG acts as an emulsifying agent. The improvement in digestibility in the DMG group was accompanied by a numerical increase in plasma TG (P 5 0.067). Plasma NEFA concentrations were not different between treatment groups. DMG supplementation neither affected glucose clearance nor influenced plasma insulin, glucose, fructosamine or leptin levels. TBARS and FRAP also remained unaffected, despite previously reported anti-oxidative properties of DMG. Furthermore, no significant impact on reproductive performance could be recorded. In conclusion, DMG supplementation significantly improved nutrient digestibility. Possible beneficial effects on energy metabolism and reproductive performance of sows should be tested when DMG is supplemented for a longer period of time or at a higher dose.Keywords: sow, N,N-dimethylglycine, nutrient digestibility, glucose metabolism, reproduction ImplicationsThe supplementation of N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG) in parturition feed of sows has an emulsifying effect. This resulted in improvements in not only fat digestibility, but also the digestibility of the protein and the nitrogen-free dietary fraction. However, measures of reproductive performance were not affected by DMG supplementation. The addition of this supplement to gestation and lactation feed should be investigated. Supplementation of DMG over a longer period of time can possibly be beneficial in terms of sow body condition and reproductive performance of sows.

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“…Several studies have shown that supplemental choline in corn-soybean meal (Kornegay and Meacham, 1973;Stockland andBlaylock, 1974, NCR-42 Committee on Swine Nutrition, 1976) or barley-wheat (Grandhi and Strain, 1981) gestation diets will increase litter size. No research has been reported concerning the need for choline in sorghum-based diets, although sorghum is a major feed ingredient in the southwest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Level of Protein and Supplemental Choline on Reproductive Performance of Gilts Fed Sorghum Diets

Maxwell

Johnson

Luce

1987

Journal of Animal Science

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A total of 214 gilts was used (two trials) to determine the effect of protein level and choline supplementation during gestation on weight gain, conception rate and subsequent reproductive performance. The gihs were fed either a 12 or 16% crude protein sorghum-soybean meal diet containing either a high supplemental choline level or no supplemental choline in a 2 • 2 factorial arrangement of treatments Conception rate was not influenced by either protein or choline level. Choline ~pplementation increased pig weight at 42 d of age (P<.14) and litter weight at 21 (P<.12) and 42 d (P<.I). Gilts fed the 16% protein diet produced larger pigs at 42 d (P<.13) and heavier litters at birth, (P<.l) 21 d (P<.14) and 42 d (P<.05) than gilts fed the 12% protein diet. A larger choline effect on litter size and pig and litter weight was observed for gihs fed the 12% protein diet than for those fed the 16% gestation diet, although the protein-choline interaction was not significant for any traits measured. The incidence of spraddle leg condition was low and was not affected by level of dietary protein or ~applemental choline.

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Evaluation of Supplemental Choline for Reproducing Sows Housed in Total Confinement on Concrete or in Dirt Lots

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Gestation Housing on Reproductive Performance of Yorkshire and Yorkshire × Lacombe Sows

Effect of Gestation Housing on Reproductive Performance of Yorkshire and Yorkshire × Lacombe Sows

Effect of N,N-dimethylglycine supplementation in parturition feed for sows on metabolism, nutrient digestibility and reproductive performance

Effect of Level of Protein and Supplemental Choline on Reproductive Performance of Gilts Fed Sorghum Diets

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